Antibiotics

Question 1

Compare disinfectants and antiseptics

Answer 1

Disinfectants are strong chemicals that inhibit or kill micro-organisms.

Antiseptics- are less toxic versions used for human skin.

Question 2

Discuss the antiseptic mechanisms of action.

Answer 2

• Denature proteins
• Alter the osmotic balance of the bacteira ( So essential proteins leak out)
• Interfere with specific metabolic processes.

Question 3

Why are alcohols included in antiseptics?

Answer 3

They denature proteins and disturb the membrane pemeability of bacteira.

Question 4

How does chlorihexidine work?

Answer 4

It absorbs to the bacterial membrane and causes leakages of small molecules and precipitation of cytoplasmic proteins.

Question 5

What are antibiotics?

Answer 5

Natural antimicrobials.

Question 6

How do antibiotics work?

Answer 6

• Inhibit production of protein
• Inhibit cell wall syntheiss (Penicillin)
• Inhibit nucleic acid replication and transcription
• Injure the plasma membrane
• Inhibit synthesis of essential metabolites.
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Question 7

How does antibiotic resistance occur?

Answer 7

• Bacteria prevents entry of antibiotic
• bacteria changes shape of target
• Efflux of antibiotic out of the cell
• Bacteria inactivates the enzymes of the antibiotic.