attention 3

Question 1

Raymond, Shapiro and Arnekk 1992 attentional blink study procedure

Answer 1

• random letters appearing, had to find ‘x’ and distractor is a white random letter
• had to attend to another task while doing so
• distance between the x and white letter increases each time

Question 2

results of Raymond shapiro and arnell 1992 study

Answer 2

• when asked to do 1 task scored above 80% correct
• when dual task, performance varies, 1/2 missed the ‘x’
• when doing it over 5 times performance increased

Question 3

whats the ‘intentional blink paradime’

Answer 3

helps us to understand how attention works over time

Question 4

what is inattentional blindness

Answer 4

where individuals fail to notice unexpected stimuli in their visual field when their attention is engaged in a primary task.

Question 5

what is change blindness

Answer 5

where individuals fail to detect changes in visual stimuli, typically when those changes occur during a brief interruption, such as a flicker or a sudden movement.
- E.G A FLICKER

Question 6

jensen et al., 2011 study found

Answer 6

types of failure- change and inattentional blindness

Question 7

levin and simons 1997 study showed with images changing:

Answer 7

2/3 people did not notice

Question 8

what did simons and levin 1997 find about moving eyes to different locations

Answer 8

• you dont take in information when moving your eyes
• you dont process info as well when your not interested

Question 9

Rensink, O regan and clark 1997 study

Answer 9

• as images flicker on and off its hard to detect changes

Question 10

whats the importance of interruption with example

Answer 10

• the image of plane with and without engine but flicker inbetween images makes it hard to detect whats changed

Question 11

whats is Rensink’s 2002 coherence theory

Answer 11

suggests if change happens before we fixate it is harder to notice

Question 12

what did Hollingworth and Henderson 2002 suggest

Answer 12

• over multiple fixations fairly less detailes representations are formed in LTM of several objects within a mental map
• which codes SPATIAL LAYOUT
• used eye tracking and showed that fixated objects showed greater change in detection

Question 13

Jensen et al., 2011 study

Answer 13

• comparing what you represeneted from the target location before the change location to what there was after the change
• you conciously recognizze the discrepency

Question 14

what did mack and rock 1998 say about change blindness

Answer 14

• the change occurs during an interutpion to viewing/attention

Question 15

simons and chabris 1999 study with gorilla results

Answer 15

• when focusing on white team less than 80% ralised gorilla
• when focusing on black team more than 80% noticed gorilla

Question 16

Fernandez Duque and Thornton 2000 study

Answer 16

• use of flash (in clockwork like set up with rectangle shapes)
• on 2nd and 3rd flash same shapes but 2 of them are grey objects
• asked which ones were grey
• they were able to point out which ones turned grey
• correct above chance levels

Question 17

in Fernandezz study 2000 what percent of people managed to guess correct which ones were grey when didnt notice it happened

Answer 17

• 63%