Attribution Theory

Question 1

Attribution

Answer 1

The percieved reasons for the success or failure of an event or pattern of behaviour

Question 2

Weiners model

Answer 2

Locus of causality
INTERNAL factors
EXTERNAL factors
ABILITY
EFFORT
Task difficulty
luck
stable factors
unstable factors

Question 3

Internal factors

Answer 3

under the control of the peformer - ability/effort

Question 4

External factors

Answer 4

beyond the control of the peformer- task difficulty/luck

Question 5

Stable

Answer 5

fixed factors which dont change with time - ability/task difficulty

Question 6

Unstable

Answer 6

Factors which can vary with time - effort/luck

Question 7

Future expectations

Answer 7

related to stability if we attribute success to stable factors, we expect the same next time

Question 8

Feelings about sport

Answer 8

attributions effect. Pride. Satisfaction. Expectancy. Learned helplessness. Avoidance

Question 9

High archievers will

Answer 9

Attribute success to internal factors
Attribute failure to external factors

Question 10

Low archievers will

Answer 10

Attribute success to external factors
Attribute failure to internal factors

Question 11

Self-serving bias

Answer 11

Successful peformers tend to take credit for success and blame external factors for failure. They do this by attributing success to their own oustanding qualities which enhanced their feelings of pride and worth

Failure is automatically attributed to avoid internal controllable stable factors (even if they are true)

This means people tend to attribute failure to external factors and therefore do not protect their self-esteem hence reducing motivation.

Question 12

Which peformers are task orientated

Answer 12

High achiever

Question 13

Which peformers are outcome oriented

Answer 13

Low achiever

Question 14

Learned helplessness

Answer 14

A belief aquired over time that one has no control over events
Failure is inevitable
A feeling of hopelessness

Question 15

Global LH

Answer 15

a person attributes failure to internal/stable factors ‘I am useless at all sports

Question 16

Specific LH

Answer 16

a personal attributes difficulties to internal/stable factors ‘I am good at soccer but hopeless at racquet games’

Question 17

To attribution retrain the low achievers need to

Answer 17

learn to attribute success and failure to the same reasons as high achievers . This will raise self efficacy

Question 18

How to coach to avoid LH

Answer 18

One to one attention
Mental rehearsal
Peformance goals not outcome
Avoid comparison w team mates
Attribution retraining
Highlight peformance goals
Use correct attributions