polyagglutination
4
RBCs with cis AB phenotype
4
warm autoantibodies
4
unexpected ABO isoantigen
4
cold reacting Abs (allo and auto)
4
Wharton’s jelly
3
presence of plasma expanders (e.g. dextran)
3
increased fibrinogen
3
increased globulin (e.g. Multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia)
3
subgroups of A or B
2
leukemia
1 or 2
Hodgkin’s disease
2
“Acquired B” in cases of GIT obstruction
2
Ab to low incidence Ag
2
excess blood group specific soluble substances
BGSS
2
newborn
elderly patients
leukemic patients
patients with lymphoma
pxs using immunosuppressive drugs
with congenital agammaglobulinemia
pxs with immunedeficiency
pxs who undergone BM transplant
CHIMERISM