Botany > Fruits > Flashcards

Fruits Flashcards

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1
Q

Consist of mature pistil (carpel or carpels) and contents or the ovarian portion

A

Fruit

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2
Q

Consist of mature pistil (carpel or carpels) and contents or the ovarian portion

A

Fruit

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3
Q

Ovary wall

A

Pericarp

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4
Q

develop from a single ovary

A

simple fruit

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5
Q
  • Pericarp (ovary wall) almost completely fleshy at maturity

- seeds of all ____ are embedded in fleshy tissue of the carpel

A

berry

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6
Q
  • covered with leathery rind

- partitions separating the carpels(ovary) are tough and fibrous

A

hesperidium

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7
Q

rind is hard and thick

A

pepo

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8
Q
  • fleshy fruit/fibrous

- with hard stony pit containing a seed

A

drupe

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9
Q

Consists of tissue derived from the ovary and the perianth

  • Core is composed of modified tissue from ovary wall
  • Pulp(hypanthium) is composed of tissue from the base of floral tube and receptacle
  • Seeds (ovules) containing fertilized eggs and endosperm
A

pome

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10
Q
  • crack open along two seams and shed their
    seeds into the environment when the fruit is
    ripe
A

dry dehiscent

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11
Q
  • One carpel Fruits crack open along two seams and shed their seeds into the environment
A

legume

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12
Q

Composed of several fuse carpels

A

capsule

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13
Q

One carpel that splits along one seam.

A

follicle

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14
Q

Two carpels separated by a seed-bearing septum

A

silique

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15
Q

fruits retain their seeds and do not crack open after ripening

A

dry indehiscent

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16
Q
  • consists of a single seed that is attached to the wall of the ovary at only one point.
  • wall of the mature ovary is thin and undeveloped so when it dries out the fruit formed has a seed-like appearance.
A

achene

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17
Q

• wall of the dry indehiscent fruit is thin, transparent and firmly attached to all points of the seed coat

A

grain or caryopsis

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18
Q
  • is a wind borne fruit containing a single seed.

* It is like an achene except for the paper-like wing which develops from the ovary wall of the flower

A

samara

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19
Q

very similar in structure to the achene except for its larger size

A

nut

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20
Q

Apricots cherries peaches plums olives

A

drupes

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21
Q

usually develop from a compound ovary

difficult to differentiate the endocarp and mesocarp

A

berry

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22
Q

tomatoes grapes peppers eggplants

A

berry

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23
Q

gooseberries blueberries cranberries pomegranates bananas

A

berry

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24
Q

no seeds

A

parthenocarpic

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25
berries with thick rinds
pepos
26
watermelon cucumbers pumpkin squashes honeydew cantaloupes
pepos
27
berry with leathery skin containing oils
hesperidium
28
kumquat family
hesperidium
29
oranges lemons limes grapefruit tangerine kumquat
hesperidum
30
bulk of flesh comes from enlarged floral tube or receptacle | endocarp is papery
pome
31
apples pears quinces
pome
32
peas beans garbanzo beans lentils
legumes
33
splits along two sides but seeds are borne on a central partition
silique
34
mustard family
silique
35
broccoli, cabbage radish watercress
silique
36
at least two carpels and split in a variety of ways
capsule
37
orchids lilies poppies
capsule
38
only the base of the single seed is attached
achene
39
sunflower seeds
achene
40
one-seeded fruits similar to achene but are generally larger
nuts
41
acorn hazelnut hickory nut
nuts
42
seeds of drupes
cashew and pistachio nuts
43
pericarp cannot be separated from the seed
grain
44
grass family
grain
45
Wheat, rice, oats, corn, barley
grains
46
ashes elms
samara
47
twin fruit
schizocarp
48
parsley family
schizocarp
49
parsley carrots anise caraway dill
schizocarp
50
blackberries raspberries strawberries
aggregate
51
pineapples and bananas
parthenocarpic fruits
52
Ovary wall
Pericarp
53
develop from a single ovary
simple fruit
54
- Pericarp (ovary wall) almost completely fleshy at maturity | - seeds of all ____ are embedded in fleshy tissue of the carpel
berry
55
- covered with leathery rind | - partitions separating the carpels(ovary) are tough and fibrous
hesperidium
56
rind is hard and thick
pepo
57
- fleshy fruit/fibrous | - with hard stony pit containing a seed
drupe
58
Consists of tissue derived from the ovary and the perianth - Core is composed of modified tissue from ovary wall - Pulp(hypanthium) is composed of tissue from the base of floral tube and receptacle - Seeds (ovules) containing fertilized eggs and endosperm
pome
59
- crack open along two seams and shed their seeds into the environment when the fruit is ripe
dry dehiscent
60
- One carpel Fruits crack open along two seams and shed their seeds into the environment
legume
61
Composed of several fuse carpels
capsule
62
One carpel that splits along one seam.
follicle
63
Two carpels separated by a seed-bearing septum
silique
64
fruits retain their seeds and do not crack open after ripening
dry indehiscent
65
* consists of a single seed that is attached to the wall of the ovary at only one point. * wall of the mature ovary is thin and undeveloped so when it dries out the fruit formed has a seed-like appearance.
achene
66
• wall of the dry indehiscent fruit is thin, transparent and firmly attached to all points of the seed coat
grain or caryopsis
67
* is a wind borne fruit containing a single seed. | * It is like an achene except for the paper-like wing which develops from the ovary wall of the flower
samara
68
very similar in structure to the achene except for its larger size
nut
69
Apricots cherries peaches plums olives
drupes
70
usually develop from a compound ovary | difficult to differentiate the endocarp and mesocarp
berry
71
tomatoes grapes peppers eggplants
berry
72
gooseberries blueberries cranberries pomegranates bananas
berry
73
no seeds
parthenocarpic
74
berries with thick rinds
pepos
75
watermelon cucumbers pumpkin squashes honeydew cantaloupes
pepos
76
berry with leathery skin containing oils
hesperidium
77
kumquat family
hesperidium
78
oranges lemons limes grapefruit tangerine kumquat
hesperidum
79
bulk of flesh comes from enlarged floral tube or receptacle | endocarp is papery
pome
80
apples pears quinces
pome
81
peas beans garbanzo beans lentils
legumes
82
splits along two sides but seeds are borne on a central partition
silique
83
mustard family
silique
84
broccoli, cabbage radish watercress
silique
85
at least two carpels and split in a variety of ways
capsule
86
orchids lilies poppies
capsule
87
only the base of the single seed is attached
achene
88
sunflower seeds
achene
89
one-seeded fruits similar to achene but are generally larger
nuts
90
acorn hazelnut hickory nut
nuts
91
seeds of drupes
cashew and pistachio nuts
92
pericarp cannot be separated from the seed
grain
93
grass family
grain
94
Wheat, rice, oats, corn, barley
grains
95
ashes elms
samara
96
twin fruit
schizocarp
97
parsley family
schizocarp
98
parsley carrots anise caraway dill
schizocarp
99
blackberries raspberries strawberries
aggregate
100
pineapples and bananas
parthenocarpic fruits
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