What is the globe of the eye?
another term for eyeball
How big is the globe of the eye in diameters?
approximately 1 inch. very huge indeed…
What is the globe of the eye covered in? what’s the tough outer coat called?
sclera
The exposed portion of the sclera is called what?
the white of the eye
the clear front portion of the eye is called what?
cornea
what does the cornea cover?
the dark center, the pupil
what is the colored portion of the pupil called?
the iris
arrange these the layers of the eye, from outer to inner. lens, cornea, pupil, sclera, anterior chamber, and iris
sclera, cornea, anterior chamber, iris, pupil, lens
The cornea is what? what role does it serve
it acts as a window, allowing light to enter the eye and it is sensitive and susceptible to injury. a superfical scratch or small object can cause immense pain, redness, and tears.
the pupil is the structure that dilates or shrinks to allow more or less light inside, by which structure is responsible for the pupil’s ability to change sizes?
the lens
The lens focuses light on which structure?
the retina or the back of the eye.
the inner surface of the eyelids are exposed sclera that are lined with paper thin covering called what?
conjunctiva
the interior of the eye contains the anterior chamber (front chamber) which is anterior to the iris and is filled with what?
watery fulid called the aqueous humor
behind the lens is the large viteous body which is filled with a clear jelly called what?
vitreous humor
what is the name of the eye sockets? the bony projections surrounding the eyes
orbits
how many bones make up the face? and how many of those bones are facial bones and how many are cranial bones?
22 bones
8 cranial
14 facial
which facial bone is moveable?
mandiable (jaw). it moves on hinged joints.
true or false. the face is not very vascular due to the cartilage.
face has no cartilage except in the nose but no, face is super vascular and even minor injuries may bleed profusely.
*blood and broken bone or other things like tissue or teeth can compromise the airway
what do the facial bones allow for?
minimal protection of the airway and allow points of attachment for the muscles that aid in chewing food and controlling facial expressions.
*compromise of facial structures can cause a closed or open brain injury with possible leakage of CSF from the nose or ears
*A MOI that causes trauma to the face can also cause spinal injury, suspect spinal injury in those with facial trauma
what body systems are involved with the neck?
Cardiovasuclar, muscloskeltal, central nervous, respiratory, digestive, and endocrine
what structures does the neck carry?
- major arteries (carotid arteries)
- veins (jugular)
- trachea
- laryanx
- cervical spine (houses spinal cord)
*Any injuries to the neck should be a suspected to have caused spinal injury too
*injuries to the neck can cause life-thereatning bleeding and airway compromise difficult to control
if there are fractures to the orbits of the eye? what procedure do you do/what should you always suspect?
spinal stabilization.
*injuries severe enough to cause orbital fractures can also cause spine injury
S/S of a orbital fracture
-dipola (double vision)
-marked decrease in vision
-loss of sensation above eyebrow, over the cheek, or in the upper lip
-nasal discharge
-tenderness
-bony step off (defect in smooth contour of bone)
-paralysis of upper gaze in the involved eye (patient will not be able to follow your finger/look upward)
emergency care for orbital fractures?
if eyeball is not injuries: ice pack over the eye to reduce swelling and transport in sitting position
if eyeball is injuried: transport in supine position, no ice pack
