CH 13 Diseases

Question 1

COVID 19

• causative agent
• appearance
• naked or enveloped
• segmented or not
• RNA virus or DNA

Answer 1

• SARS-CoV-2
• crown-like due to spiked
• enveloped
• non segmented
• single stranded RNA

Question 2

Where and when was COVID 19 first discovered

Answer 2

Wuhan, China
December 2019

Question 3

COVID 19

• most common symptoms (3)
• less common symptoms (7)

Answer 3

• fever
• dry cough
• tiredness
• aches and pains
• sore throat
• diarrhea
• conjunctivitis
• headache
• loss of taste/smell
• rashes

Question 4

DENGUE

• cause
• naked or enveloped
• # of serotypes
• RNA virus or DNA

Answer 4

• Aedes aegypti mosquito
• enveloped
• 5 serotypes
• ssRNA

Question 5

Special feature in Dengue

Answer 5

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) - phenomenon that occurs when antibodies from a previous dengue infection prevent the body from neutralizing a subsequent infection, leading to a higher risk of severe dengue

Question 6

DENGUE

3 most common symptoms

and how long they typically last

Answer 6

• nausea & vomiting
• rashes
• aches and eye & bone pains

lasts 2-7 days

Question 7

Hepatitis B

• causative agent
• mode of transmission
• 5 common symptoms

Answer 7

• Hepatitis B virus
• body fluids
• fatigue, poor appetite, stomach pain, nausea, and jaundice (skin and eyes turn yellow)

Question 8

What internal organ does the Hepatitis B virus affect?

Answer 8

Liver

Question 9

Is Hepatitis B preventable?

Answer 9

Yes by vaccine

Question 10

HIV

• acronym
• mode of transmission
• appearance
• RNA virus or DNA
• naked or enveloped
• attacks what specific type of cell in the human body?

Answer 10

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• certain body fluids (sexual intercourse + blood)
• cone-shaped corse
• 2 copies of ssRNA
• ENVELOPED
• attacks HELPER T CELLS

Question 11

HIV may lead to what disease?

Answer 11

AIDS

Question 12

AIDS
- acronym
- what kind of phase of HIV infection
- life-threatening or not?

Answer 12

• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• most severe phase at STAGE 3
• life - threatening = untreated ( max 3 years to live)

Question 13

When do people receive an AIDS diagnosis

Answer 13

when their CD4 cell count drops below 200 cells/mm

Question 14

Virus vs Viroid

Answer 14

VIROID - complete virus particle specifically for PLANTS

Question 15

How many viroid types are known?

Answer 15

30

Question 16

Composition of viroid

Answer 16

1 ssRNA with NO protective coat

Question 17

Type of viroid that specifically targets potatoes

Answer 17

Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid

Question 18

What is the smallest infectious agent that causes diseases

+ composition

Answer 18

PRION

• contains only PROTEIN
• no nucleic acid

Question 19

2 diseases caused by PRION

and what umbrella term is used for these 2 diseases

Answer 19

• MAD Cow disease
• Creutzfeld Jacob Disease

TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES (TSEs)