chapter 1

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

term applied to science of the structure of the body
-form of the part

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

study of the function of body organs
-function of the part

Question 3

osteology

Answer 3

detailed study of knowledge relating the bones of the body

Question 4

IR

Answer 4

image receptor
- the x-ray plate, detector, cassett
-captures the image

Question 5

CR

Answer 5

Central Ray
-center of the x ray beam
(flashlight beam)

Question 6

what are body planes for?

Answer 6

used to decribe locations, directions, and views

Question 7

sagittal plane

Answer 7

divides body into right and left halves

Question 8

mid sagittal plane (MSP)

Answer 8

specific sagittal plane
-passes through the midline
-equal right and left halves

Question 9

coronal plane

Answer 9

divides into anterior and posterior sections

Question 10

Midcoronal plane (MCP)
(midaxillary plane)

Answer 10

divides into equal anterior and posterior parts

Question 11

horizontal plane
AKA
(transverse, axial, cross-sectional)

Answer 11

divides body into superior and inferior sections

Question 12

oblique plane

Answer 12

any plane that cuts through body at an angle
-diagonally
-combines two or more planes

Question 13

specialized planes

Answer 13

localized to specific parts of the body
-interilliac plane
-occlusal plane

Question 14

interilliac plane

Answer 14

horizontal plane that runs through and crosses the tops of the hip bones
-intersects at L4

Question 15

occlusal plane

Answer 15

imaginary horizontal plane formed by biting surfaces of teeth
-jaw is closed, teeth in contact
-dentist uses bite wing

Question 16

body cavities

Answer 16

thoracic and abdominal

Question 17

thoracic cavity

Answer 17

1 pericadial cavity and 2 pleural cavities
-seperated from abdominal at the diaphragm

Question 18

Abdominopelvic
abdominal cavity/ pelvic cavity

Answer 18

has no lower seperation between the two

Question 19

thoracic cavity organs

Answer 19

pleural membranes
lungs
trachea
esophagus
pericardium
heart and great vessels

Question 20

abdominal cavity organs

Answer 20

peritoneum
stomach
liver
intestines
gallbladder
kidneys
ureters
pancreas
spleeen
major blood vessels

Question 21

pelvic cavity organs

Answer 21

rectum
urinary bladder
parts of reproductive system

Question 22

divisions of the abdomen

Answer 22

-superior border is diaphragm
-inferior border by superior pelvic aperature (pelvic inlet)

-divided into quadrants and regions

Question 23

4 quadrants of the abdomen

Answer 23

right upper
left upper
right lower
left lower

Question 24

9 regions of abdomen

Answer 24

superior regions= right hypochondrium, epigastric, left hypochondrium
middle regions= right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
inferior regions= right illiac, hypogastric, left illiac

Question 25

surface landmarks

Answer 25

most anatomic structure are hard to palpate -used to accurately position patient -and use external landmarks to locate anatomy

Question 26

# surface landmarks top of ear attachement

Answer 26

top of where the ear attaches to head

Question 27

# surface landmarks mastoid tip

Answer 27

located directly behind ear

Question 28

# surface landmarks gonian

Answer 28

at jaw right before it comes around to front of face C2 C3 -corner of jaw -angle of mandible

Question 29

# surface landmarks hyoid bone

Answer 29

free floating bone -sits anterior to c3 C4 vertebra

Question 30

# surface landmarks thyroid cartilage

Answer 30

superior to trachea inferior to hyoid bone -anterior to c5

Question 31

# surface landmarks jugular notch

Answer 31

above sternum where clavicals meet -anterior to T2&T3

Question 32

# surface landmarks sternal Angle

Answer 32

T4 & T5 where sternum starts to angle

Question 33

# surface landmarks inferior angle of scapula

Answer 33

lateral to T7

Question 34

# surface landmarks xiphoid process

Answer 34

lowest portion of sternum -anterior to T9 & T10 -roman numeral for 10= X

Question 35

# surface landmarks inferior costal margin

Answer 35

lowest portion of ribs - L2 & L3

Question 36

# inferior costal margin illiac crest

Answer 36

lateral to L4 & L5 interilliac plane

Question 37

# inferior costal margin Anterior superior illac spine

Answer 37

lateral to S1 & S2

Question 38

coccyx/ pubic symphasis

Answer 38

on the same plane as the greater trochanter

Question 39

body habitus

Answer 39

common variations in the shape of the body -important in radiography -determines size, shape and position of organs

Question 40

organs affected by body habitus

Answer 40

heart lungs diaphragm stomach colon gallbladder

Question 41

# body habitus sthenic

Answer 41

normal -50% of population

Question 42

# body habitus Hyposthenic

Answer 42

below average -35% of population between asthenic and sthenic

Question 43

# body habitus Asthenic

Answer 43

-frail (organs move in and down) -10% of population -thorax = long and shallow -abdomen= short -pelvis= wide

Question 44

# body habitus hypersthenic

Answer 44

massive / above average (organs move up and out) 5% of population -abdomen= long -thorax= short, broad, deep -pelvis= narrow