attention
In the context of psychotherapy outcome research, the interest a therapist takes in the client that may constitute a common factor across therapies
common factors
Factors common to all forms of psychotherapy that play an active role in client improvement and may explain the dodo bird verdict in psychotherapy outcome research
Dissemination
Efforts to increase knowledge and promote the use of evidence-based psychological treatments
dodo bird verdict
A nickname for the common research finding that different forms of psychotherapy are roughly equally effective; derived from the line in Alice in Wonderland, “Everybody has won and all must have prizes”
eclectic
A psychotherapy orientation that involves selecting the best treatment for a given client based on empirical data from studies of the treatment of similar clients
Hans Eysenck
An important figure in the history of psychotherapy outcome research whose negative review of psychotherapy outcome in 1952 inspired many subsequent empirical studies on psychotherapy outcome
Hope
In the context of psychotherapy outcome research, the positive expectations that may constitute a common factor across therapies
integrative
A psychotherapy orientation that involves blending techniques to create an entirely new, hybrid form of therapy
John Norcross
A leading contemporary psychotherapy researcher and a champion of the integrative orientation to psychotherapy
prescriptive approach
An approach to psychotherapy in which specific therapy techniques with the most empirical evidence are viewed as the treatment of choice for specific disorders
psychotherapy
Techniques and approaches used by clinical psychologists and other mental health professionals to alleviate psychological symptoms or improve some aspect of emotional, cognitive, or behavioral functioning
stages of change model
A theory of readiness to change asserting that psychotherapy clients may enter therapy in one of five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, or maintenance
Hans Strupp
A pioneering psychotherapy researcher who developed the tripartite model of assessing psychotherapy outcome therapeutic alliance
therapeutic relationship
Also known as the therapeutic alliance or working alliance, and an established common factor in psychotherapy outcome research; a coalition or partnership between two allies (client and therapist) working in a trusting relationship toward a mutual goal
three-stage sequential model of common factors
A model explaining the order in which common factors contribute to psychotherapeutic change, beginning with support factors, moving on to learning factors, and concluding with action factors
transdiagnostic approach
A relatively new way of understanding psychological disorders that emphasizes core factors that underly multiple disorders rather than distinct, separate disorders
tripartite model
A model of assessing psychotherapy outcome developed by Hans Strupp and his colleagues that acknowledges the viewpoints of three parties (the client, the therapist, and third parties such as society, family, or managed-care companies)
unified protocol
A relatively new approach to psychotherapy, based on the transdiagnostic approach to understanding psychological disorders, in which the same approach is used across multiple disorders that share the same core underlying factors of negative affect and avoidance of unpleasant emotions
working alliance
Also known as the therapeutic alliance or therapeutic relationship, and an established common factor in psychotherapy outcome research; a coalition or partnership between two allies (client and therapist) working in a trusting relationship toward a mutual goal
