Chapter 15

Question 1

ABCDE model

Answer 1

In cognitive therapy, a model for understanding and recording the impact of cognitions on emotions

Question 2

acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)

Answer 2

An increasingly popular form of psychotherapy emphasizing the acceptance rather than avoidance of an unpleasant internal psychological experience

Question 3

acceptance

Answer 3

In acceptance and commitment therapy, allowing unpleasant thoughts, feelings, and other internal sensations to run their course without fighting against them

Question 4

activating event

Answer 4

The A in the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy; the occurrence that initiates the sequence of mental events that may prompt illogical cognitions or beliefs

Question 5

Albert Ellis

Answer 5

A leader in the field of cognitive psychotherapy and the developer of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and the ABCDE model

Question 6

all-or-nothing thinking

Answer 6

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual irrationally evaluates everything as either wonderful or terrible, with no middle ground or “gray area”

Question 7

automatic thoughts

Answer 7

In cognitive psychotherapy, cognitions that take place instantly and without any deliberation

Question 8

belief

Answer 8

The B in the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy; the illogical cognition linking the activating event to the emotional consequence

Question 9

catastrophizing

Answer 9

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual unrealistically expects catastrophic consequences

Question 10

cognitions

Answer 10

The focus of cognitive psychotherapy, the way individuals interpret the events that happen to them and determine their resulting emotions; also known as beliefs, interpretations, assumptions, or thoughts

Question 11

cognitive therapy

Answer 11

An approach to psychotherapy emphasizing illogical thought as the foundation of psychopathology and logical thought as the foundation of psychological wellness

Question 12

cognitive triad

Answer 12

A component of Aaron Beck’s theory of depression whereby negative thoughts about the self, the external world, and the future contribute to depression

Question 13

common thought distortions

Answer 13

In cognitive psychotherapy, particular ways in which a thought, cognition, or belief can be illogical

Question 14

dispute

Answer 14

The D in the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy; challenging the illogical belief by labeling it as a particular type of thought distortion

Question 15

Dysfunctional Thought Record

Answer 15

A form used in cognitive psychotherapy that organizes clients’ experiences into columns on a written page

Question 16

effective new belief

Answer 16

The E in the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy; the logical belief or cognition that replaces the original illogical belief

Question 17

emotional consequence

Answer 17

The C in the ABCDE model of cognitive therapy; the feeling that results from the illogical belief about the activating event

Question 18

experiential avoidance

Answer 18

A tendency to circumvent rather than experience unpleasant thoughts (or feelings or other internal sensations) that may contribute to a variety of forms of psychopathology

Question 19

homework

Answer 19

An important aspect of cognitive psychotherapy whereby therapists assign clients behavioral or written tasks

Question 20

hypotheses

Answer 20

In cognitive psychotherapy, according to Aaron Beck, the category of unproven theories in which thoughts, beliefs, and cognitions belong (in contrast to proven facts)

Question 21

Judith Beck

Answer 21

A leading figure in contemporary cognitive psychotherapy and the daughter of Aaron Beck

Question 22

magnification/minimization

Answer 22

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual overemphasizes the importance of negative events and underemphasizes the importance of positive events

Question 23

Marsha Linehan

Answer 23

The developer of dialectical behavior therapy, which has been found effective in the treatment of borderline personality disorder

Question 24

mental filtering

Answer 24

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual ignores positive events while focusing excessively on negative events

Question 25

metacognitive therapy

Answer 25

A relatively new form of cognitive therapy emphasizing thoughts about one’s own thoughts, rather than thoughts about external events, as causal factors in psychopathology

Question 26

mind reading

Answer 26

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual presumes to know that others are thinking critically or disapprovingly, when knowing what they think is, in fact, impossible

Question 27

mindfulness

Answer 27

A key component of many recent forms of cognitive therapy promoting full engagement with one’s own internal mental processes in a nonconfrontational way

Question 28

overgeneralization

Answer 28

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual applies lessons learned from negative experiences more broadly than is warranted

Question 29

personalization

Answer 29

In cognitive psychotherapy, a common thought distortion in which the individual assumes excessive personal responsibility for negative events

Question 30

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)