chapter 13 section 2

Question 1

what does kinematics study

Answer 1

the rates if chemical reactions

Question 2

What does enzyme kinetics seek to determine?

Answer 2

Maximum reaction velocity and substrate/inhibitor binding affinities

Question 3

Why analyze enzyme reaction rates?

Answer 3

o gain insight into enzyme mechanisms and metabolic pathways.

Question 4

How can enzyme kinetics knowledge be applied?

Answer 4

To control and manipulate metabolic events.

Question 5

what is a rate constant?

Answer 5

A proportionality constant in the rate law linking concentration to reaction rate.

Question 5

What is reaction velocity?

Answer 5

The rate at which reactants are converted to products.

Question 6

What is a rate law

Answer 6

An equation relating reaction rate to reactant concentrations.

Question 7

What does order of a reaction mean?

Answer 7

The sum of powers of concentrations in the rate law.

Question 8

What does molecularity describe?

Answer 8

The number of molecules involved in an elementary reaction step.

Question 9

What is a first-order reaction?

Answer 9

A reaction where the rate depends on the concentration of one reactant.

Question 10

Give an example of a first-order reaction.

Answer 10

A → P, a unimolecular process.

Question 11

What is the rate law for a bimolecular reaction?

Answer 11

υ = k[A][B].

Question 12

Can kinetics prove a mechanism?

Answer 12

No, it can only rule out mechanisms inconsistent with data.

Question 13

What is t₁/₂ in a first-order reaction?

Answer 13

he time required for half of the reactant to disappear.

Question 14

What is ΔG‡?

Answer 14

The free energy of activation, the barrier that must be overcome for a reaction.

Question 15

How do catalysts affect ΔG‡?

Answer 15

They lower ΔG‡, increasing reaction rate.

Question 16

What is the transition state?

Answer 16

The high-energy state reactants pass through at the top of the energy barrier.