Chapter 16

Question 1

When x-rays strike patient tissues, ionization occurs.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The amount of radiation that is absorbed by the tissue is called dose equivalent?

Answer 2

False it’s called absorbed dose.
(Dose equivalence accounts for the type of radiation and its biological effect.)

Question 3

The maximum permissible dose (MPD) for occupationally exposed person is .05 REM.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The fastest speed film used in dentistry is F speed

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Collimation is used to remove the longer wavelength, low energy x-rays from the x-ray be

Answer 5

False, collimation only narrows or shapes the xray beam. (Filtration removes the longer wavelength)

Question 6

X rays can detect

Answer 6

Decay,bone loss (in early stages), abnormalities, growth and development

Question 7

Radiation physics

Answer 7

Eighties bundles of energy (photons) and travel in waves at the speed of light

Question 8

Ionization

Answer 8

Has harmful effects on living tissues and cells that causes permanent damage.
Causes biotic changes in living cells.

Question 9

Properties of x rays beams

Answer 9

Group: electromagnetic radiation
-made of photons that move at speed of light in straight line with wave like motion
High energy/short wavelengths, penetrates easy

Question 10

Quality (kV)

Answer 10

Energy or penetrating ability of the x ray beam
Kilovoltage(kV)

Question 11

Quantity (mA)

Answer 11

of xray beams

Milliamperage

Question 12

Intensity (A)

Answer 12

of electrons or the current

Ampere

Question 13

Primary radiation

Answer 13

Travels in a straight line and produces diagnostically useful radiographs

Question 14

Secondary radiation

Answer 14

Weaker beam given off after primary beam comes into contact with the head

Question 15

Scatter radiation

Answer 15

s form of secondary radiation when x ray is deflected from its path

Question 16

Leakage radiatin

Answer 16

Radiation from a faulty c ray tubehead

Question 17

3 primary component T.E.C

Answer 17

Tube head
Extension arm
Control panel

Question 18

Tubehead

Answer 18

Primary function: house the dental x ray tube
Made of metal and has lead lining
Made of glass & is about 6 inches long and 1 1/2 inches in diameter
Filled with oil

Question 19

Component of the dental c ray tube

Answer 19

Cathode (-)
Focusing cup/ Molly bedenem
Anode(+)
Collimation
Filter
Position indicator device (PID)

Question 20

Cathode(-)

Answer 20

Tungsten filament
Electrons are generated hwre

Question 21

Focusing cup/molly bedeenem

Answer 21

Keeps electron cloud
E goes from cathode to anode when exposure button is pressed

Question 22

Anode(+)

Answer 22

Target for electrons
Tungsten target in copper stem
Oil absorbs 99% of energy 1% leaves the tubehead

Question 23

Collimator

Answer 23

Metal disk with small opening
Reduces the side of the beam as it comes out of the tubehead

Question 24

Filter

Answer 24

Aluminum disk located at the port
Removes low energy and long wavelengths but some do escape

Question 25

Position indicator device (PID)

Answer 25

Used to aim the x ray beam in the patients moth *can be cylindrical or rectangular

Question 26

Extension arm

Answer 26

Enclosed the wire between the tubehead and the control panel

Question 27

ALARA

Answer 27

As low as reasonably achievable

Question 28

0.05 Sv occupational person

Answer 28

0.005 Sv (0.5 rem)/yr for pregnant and general pop.

Question 29

Ionization radiation

Answer 29

Harmful and produces biological changes in living tissues

Question 30

Acite radiation-large dose in short time

Answer 30

Chronic- small amounts over a long period of time

Question 31

Lead apron and thyroid collars

Answer 31

Function: reduce radiation exposure to gonads and thyroid gland *Thyroid collar is also called cervical collar

Question 32

Fast speed film

Answer 32

Determined by the size of the crystals in the emulsion that counts the film

Question 33

Digital imaging

Answer 33

70 to 80 percent less exposure time than with conventional film

Question 34

Operator protection and monitoring

Answer 34

Radiation monitoring personnel monitoring Equipment monitoring Rules of operator protection

Question 35

Documentation

Answer 35

Informed consent # & type of radiographs exposed Rationale for exposing such radiographs Diagnostic info. obtained from radiograph