Chapter 2

Question 1

What is Magnification

Answer 1

How many times larger the image is than the actual size of the object being viewed

Question 2

What increases magnification on a Light Microscope

Answer 2

Interchangeable Objective Lens

Question 3

What is Resolution

Answer 3

the ability to see individual objects as different entities

Question 4

How can resolution be increased

Answer 4

Using beams of electrons

Which has a shorter wavelength so the object is smaller and closer

Question 5

What is the Magnification of an Electron Microscope

Answer 5

x500,000

Question 6

What is Transmission Electron Microscope

Answer 6

A beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen

Focused to produce an image

Question 7

What is Scanning Electron Microscope

Answer 7

A beam of electrons being sent across the surface of a specimen and reflected electrons are collected

Makes 3D image

Question 8

What is the resolution power of TEM

Answer 8

0.5nm

Question 9

What is the resolution power of SEM

Answer 9

3-10nm

Question 10

What is an Artefact

Answer 10

A visible structural detail cuased by not processing the specimen correctly

Question 11

What is Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy
3 Points

Answer 11

Uses a light from a laser

through the objective of a light microscope

to excite a specimen within a narrow plane of focus.

Question 12

What is a future use of Laser scanning Confocal Microscopy

Answer 12

Show Skin Cancer

Question 13

Where is DNA contained

Answer 13

In a double membrane called the Nuclear Envelope

Question 14

How does the Nuclear Envelope Transport

Answer 14

Using Nuclear Pores

Question 15

Explain the Nucleusolus

Answer 15

An area within the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes

Made up of protein and RNA

Question 16

Describe the structure of Mitocondria
3 points

Answer 16

Mitocondria have a double membrane

The inner membrane is highly folded to form structures called cristae

The fluid interior is called the matrix

Question 17

Mitocondria can…

Answer 17

Produce their own enzymes and reproduce themselves

Question 18

What are vesicles

Answer 18

Are membrous sacs that have storafe and transport roles

Question 19

What are Lysosomes

Answer 19

Are a specialised type of vesicles that break down waste materials

Question 20

What do Lysosomes contains

Answer 20

Hydrolytic enzymes

Question 21

What is the cytoskeleton

Answer 21

A network of fibres necessary for the shape and stability of a cell

Question 22

3 Types of Cytoskeleton

Answer 22

Microfilaments

Microtubules

Intermediate Fibres

Question 23

What are the microfilaments

Answer 23

Responsible for all the movements and cell contraction during cytokiensis

Question 24

What is cytokeinsis

Answer 24

Process of making 2 daughter cells

made out of protein actin

Question 25

What are the microtubels

Answer 25

Tublin proteins where they form tubes To help design the shape of the cell

Question 26

What are the intermediate fibres

Answer 26

Fibres which help gain mechanical strength to cells and help maintain their integrity

Question 27

What can flagella be used for

Answer 27

Movement Detecting chemical changes in the cells environment

Question 28

What is the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

A network of membranes enclosing flattened sacs

Question 29

What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum function 3 points

Answer 29

makes lipids carbohydrate synthesis storage

Question 30

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 30

Responsible for the synthesis and transport of proteins Ribosomes bound to surface

Question 31

What is the Golgi apparatus function

Answer 31

Modifying proteins and packaging them into vesicles

Question 32

What is the vacuole and use

Answer 32

Membrane lined sac in the cytoskeleton containing cell sap and used for storage