chapter 2 part 2

Question 1

Research Sample

Answer 1

Research Sample

Question 2

We need to decide who we will be including in our __

Answer 2

study

Question 3

Population

Answer 3

the entire group that we want to draw conclusions about

Question 4

Sample

Answer 4

The subset of the population

Question 5

We need to make sure our sample is representative of the ___

Answer 5

entire population or else we have to make sure that our sample is representative of the population so that we cannot draw conclusions and generalize our findings.

Question 6

Representative Sample

Answer 6

Representative Sample

Question 7

Random sample

Answer 7

with random samples, we give every member of the population an equal chance at being selected.

Improves chances the sample represents the population/minimize bias

Question 8

Labratory setting-

Answer 8

A very controlled setting that does not have the complex factors that we see in the real world.

Question 9

Naturalistic observation:

Answer 9

Involves observing behaviors in a real world settings

Question 10

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each setting?

Answer 10

Pros- it allows you to see behaviors in the real world. Cons-you cannot control for anything.

Question 11

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Answer 11

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Question 12

Measures of Central Tendency-

Answer 12

describes where does the data tend to center around

Question 13

Mean-

Answer 13

The average of our sample.

Question 14

Median

Answer 14

Refers to the score that falls exactly in the middle, but you have top rank them from high test to lowest values and you figure out the middle number.

Question 15

Mode

Answer 15

the score that occurs the most in our data.

Question 16

Measures of Dispersion-

Answer 16

looks at how scores different from one another

Question 17

Range

Answer 17

the difference between the highest and lowest scores
Standard Deviation: Indicates how much the scores in a sample differ from the mean.

Question 18

Used to indicate whether our data actually supports our hypothothis.

Answer 18

Inferential statistics

Question 19

α = .05 (confidence level)

Answer 19

This confidence level allows us to see that our results are because of chance.

Question 20

Allows us to test our research ___

Answer 20

Hypothosis

Question 21

research ethics

Answer 21

research ethics

Question 22

research participants have ___

Answer 22

rights

Question 23

What are the APA guidelines?

Answer 23

Informed consent, confidentiality, Debriefing, and deception

Question 24

Participants must be made aware of what their participation will involve. They need to know about the risks that come with participating in this study. And also that you have the right to withdraw at anytime without any penalty.

Answer 24

Informed consent:

Question 25

researchers must keep all data secured and confidential. They have to secure your data and make sure that nothing came be ;linked back to you.

Answer 25

Confidentiality

Question 26

occurs after the study has been completed. The researcher then has to inform the participant of the purpose of the study, the methods used, and any deception that was used.

Answer 26

Debriefing

Question 27

Deception

Answer 27

Researchers must inform participants of any deception that was used.

Question 28

researchers will submit their research and this board or panels of people will review it to make sure that it is ethical.

Answer 28

Institutional Review Board

Question 29

Nonhuman animals used by ___ of researchers

Answer 29

5%

Question 30

___ and ___ are used 90% of the time

Answer 30

Rats and Mice

Question 31

Animals cannot ___

Answer 31

give consent

Question 32

So you are supposed to ___

Answer 32

Weigh benefits versus harm to animal

Question 33

Standards of care in animal research:

Answer 33

housing feeding psychological and physical well-being

Question 34

Cautions

Answer 34

Avoid overgeneralizing results. Exercise caution in applying group trends to individuals. Look for converging evidence. Correlation does not equal. causation! Consider the source. Especially social media posts!