By 2020, the earth’s human population had reached
nearly eight billion, despite slowing fertility rates.
Which of the following occurred in 1990, after Slobodan Milosevic won the presidency of Serbia and began to claim Serb ascendancy over the Yugoslav federation as a whole?
All sides engaged in ethnic cleansing, not only committing acts of genocide but also destroying the cultural heritage of their opponents.
The demise of the Soviet Union in the 1990s led to both the establishment of new democratic republics in formerly Soviet-controlled territories and
an increase in ethnic conflicts in many of the newly independent states as different ethnic groups struggled for land and power.
Which of the following terms is used for supranational organizations like charitable foundations, think tanks, or service-based organizations that act independently of governments and greatly influence social, economic, and political policies in the contemporary world?
Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)
Large-scale conflict and genocide brought on by ideological factionalism and ethnic antagonisms were particularly devastating to which of the following countries?
Somalia, Rwanda, and Sudan
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) spread most quickly among the populations of which of the following continents?
Africa
Which of the following concepts, which can be defined as an intense stylistic mixing in the arts without following an elite set of standards, is often applied to the global culture of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries?
Postmodernism
This map, of the post–cold war fracturing of Yugoslavia, demonstrates
post–World War I diplomats did not entirely understand ethnic divisions in parts of eastern Europe.
Which of the following was a consequence of the tremendous worldwide migrations due to decolonization, war, and famine in the 1980s and 1990s?
The decline of national identities in favor of transnational ones that incorporated elements of different cultures
According to this map, which of the following nations successfully achieved independence from Russia?
Latvia
What name was given to the new class of superwealthy Russians who, as allies of President Boris Yeltsin, benefited from the collapse of the Soviet Union?
Oligarchs
The last twenty years of the twentieth century witnessed a momentous shift in economic power and commercial activity from
the Atlantic to the Pacific region, making China the second-largest national economy in the world.
According to this map, which nation’s economy lags the furthest behind the economy of the United States?
Mexico
Based on this map, which of the following statements best explains the migration of refugees from Somalia?
Somali refugees migrated northwest through war-torn Libya and across the Mediterranean Sea to Europe.
Which political party was founded in Europe in the late 1970s in response to concerns about the environment and unchecked urban growth?
The Green Party
Zadie Smith wrote compassionately on the lives of mixed-race girls and women in postimperial Britain, rejecting which style that had been traditionally used to convey such stories?
Hysterical realism
What barriers did nations in Africa encounter as they attempted economic development?
In addition to struggling with their emergence from colonial rule and economic exploitation by northerners, they experienced drought, famine, and civil war.
In the late twentieth century, fossil-fuel pollutants such as those from natural gas, coal, and oil mixed with atmospheric moisture to create what environmental problem?
Acid rain, which was responsible for killing vast areas of forest
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) spread most quickly among the populations of which of the following continents?
Africa
After 1995, the population in Europe
declined sharply because of fewer births.
In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, a new threat to the world economy emerged in the form of
deadly new contagious diseases, particularly the Ebola virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
In 1991, a group of antireform hard-liners that included the head of the Soviet secret police attempted a coup in the USSR in response to what event?
The Russian parliament’s election of Boris Yeltsin as president of the Russian republic
In the early twenty-first century, many people in the less-developed world still died from malnutrition and infectious diseases, despite improvements in health care through the increased use of vaccines and Western medicine; in the West,
noncontagious illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, and depression were more lethal.
The global response to the atrocities of the Balkan wars, particularly massacres such as the one at Srebrenica, was generally thought to be
far too little and too late, as intervention came too late to stop most of the violence, and even the peacekeepers on the ground turned their backs on the atrocities.
