chapter 3

Question 1

what is organizational commitment ?

Answer 1

desire to stay in the organization

Question 2

why does organizational commitment matter ?

Answer 2

influences employee retention (stay vs leaving)

Question 3

what are withdrawals behaviours ?

Answer 3

employees behave in a way to avoid work situation (lead to quitting)

Question 4

what is the relationship between commitment & withdrawal ?

Answer 4

negative

Question 5

what are 3 types of commitment ?

Answer 5

1. affective:emotion based (“I want to stay”)
2. continuance: cost based (“I need to stay”)
3. normative: obligation based (“I should stay”)

Question 6

what are 2 models that explain when people are most likely to leave based on connections ?

Answer 6

1. erosion model: workers w less bonds are most likely to quit
2. social influence model: worker w bonds with people who already left r likely to quit

Question 7

what are the 4 responses to negative events ?

Answer 7

1. exit: leave or avoid work (active & destructive)
2. voice: speak up to fix problems (active & constructive)
3. loyalty: stay supportive & hope things improve (passive & constructive)
4. neglect: bare minimum or mentally check out (passive & destructive)

Question 8

what does a active or passive response mean?

Answer 8

active: employee takes action
passive: does little to nothing

Question 9

what does constructive or destructive response mean ?

Answer 9

constructive: improve situation
destructive: harm situation

Question 10

what are 3 models that explain how withdrawals relate to each other ?

Answer 10

1. independent forms model: behaviours are uncorrelated w one another
2. compensatory: engaging in one type of behaviours make it less likely to engage in another
3. progression model: engaging in behaviours escalate

Question 11

what are psychological withdrawals ?

Answer 11

provides mental escape from work (neglect)

least serious: daydreaming, socializing, looking busy. moonlighting (using work time & resources to do other work)

more serious: cyberloafing: using internet for personal enjoyment

Question 12

what are physical withdrawals ?

Answer 12

provides physical escape (exit)

least serious: tardiness, long breaks, miss meetings

most serious: quitting

Question 13

what are some trends that affect commitment ?

Answer 13

• changing demographics: diversity in age, ethnicity & background
• changing employee-employer relationships: less stable and lifelong, focus on personal growth

Question 14

what are the different types of contracts in changing employee-employer relationships ?

Answer 14

• psychological contract: beliefs abt mutual obligations w employer
• transactional contract: performance/benefit cased
• relationship contract: loyalty based

Question 15

are employee-employer relationships more transactional or relational now ?

Answer 15

more transitional now, more relational in the past

Question 16

what is perceived organizational support ?

Answer 16

employees believe the company values them & care abt their well being