What is the normal hemoglobin level?
12-13
ANEMIA
-What is this in pregnancy?
When hemoglobin is less than 11 g/dL in the first & third trimesters & less than 10.5 g/dL in the second trimester
ANEMIA
-What indicates SEVERE anemia?
Less than 6-8 mg/dL –> We NEED to do something about it!!!
ANEMIA
-What is physiologic anemia due to?
Extra blood volume that causes hemodilution –> more plasma than RBCs
ANEMIA
-How should anemia be diagnosed with?
Iron studies
ANEMIA
-How many women does this affect?
20-52% of pregnant women
ANEMIA
-What is the most common type of anemia (75%)?
Iron Deficiency Anemia
ANEMIA
-What are 3 other types of anemia?
- Folic acid deficiency anemia
- Sickle cell hemoglobinopathy
- Thalassemia
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-Most cases of trauma are reported when?
In the third trimester
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-What should you ask moms about?
Any falls or accidents –> they need to be checked out!!
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-Most traumas are a result of what?
Motor vehicle injuries (MVAs)
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-Can pregnant women wear seatbelts?
YES!!
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-What is an issue if the air bag is deployed?
-What are we concerned about?
-It can cause harm to the pregnant woman due to force
-Blunt trauma to the fetus
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-What are the three mechanisms of trauma?
- Blunt abdominal trauma
- Penetrating abdominal trauma (stab or gunshot)
- Thoracic trauma (chest trauma)
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-How do we care of the mom? (3)
- Immediate stabilization
- Primary survey –> ABCs
- Secondary survey
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-What does secondary survey consist of? (5)
-Full body assessment
1. EFM
2. Fetomaternal hemorrhage
3. US
4. Radiation exposure
5. Perimortem cesarean birth
TRAUMA DURING PREGNANCY
-It has been suggested that perimortem cesarean birth be replaced by what term?
Resuscitative hysterectomy
CARDIO DISORDERS
-What are the common causes of cardiac arrest? (9)
- Trauma
- Cardiac abnormalities
- Embolism
- Magnesium overdose
- Sepsis
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Anesthetic complications
- Eclampsia
- Uterine rupture
CARDIO DISORDERS
-What is something to note if mom needs CPR?
The heimlich maneuver is different to protect the baby
CARDIO DISORDERS
-What is our first priority?
To save mom
CARDIO DISORDERS: Special Modifications
-What happens in the second half of pregnancy?
Uterine displacement
CARDIO DISORDERS: Special Modifications
-Where must defibrillation paddles be placed?
One rib space higher
CARDIO DISORDERS: Special Modifications
-What position are we putting mom in?
-Why?
Left-lying position
-It increases perfusion due to blood flow from aorta
CARDIO DISORDERS: Complications
-What are 2 complications of CPR?
- Lacerations of liver or spleen
- Fracture of sternum or ribs
