Chapter 4

Question 1

Visual Fields (Eyes)

Answer 1

Each eye gets input from the right and left visual field

Question 2

Optic Nerve to Chiasm

Answer 2

-Crossing Over “X”
-Contralateral Processing
-Visual Field vs. Eye

Question 3

LGN to V1

Answer 3

-Primary visual cortex is in the occipital lobe (V1)

Question 4

Visual Field

Answer 4

This is external (everything you can see)

Question 5

Receptive Field

Answer 5

Tiny area corresponding to the visual field that causes a sensory neuron response

Question 6

Receptive Field with shapes

Answer 6

-Retinal Ganglion Cells and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus; center
surround responds to dots
-V1 is as long line shape

Question 7

Simple V1 Cortical Cell

Answer 7

The light has to be in an exact area and the angle has to be correct (going right through the middle of excitatory(white) area with grey oval

Question 8

Complex VI Cortical Cell

Answer 8

These have bigger receptive fields, which is why they aren’t picky. There aren’t inhibitory areas (no grey, all white) The angle can be on left, right, or middle, just not horizontal. They are motion sensitive

Question 9

End-Stopped VI Cells

Answer 9

The yellow line/angle length is important. The angle can be slanted, but it has to reach both ends of the receptive field

Question 10

Topographical Mapping

Answer 10

Your brain makes a map of what you are seeing (movie screen)

Question 11

Cortical Magnification

Answer 11

A small area of the fovea is represented by a large area on the visual cortex

Question 12

Orientation Column

Answer 12

Inside the V1, there are columns and each one only cares about lines at one angle, and together they help your brain recognize shapes and objects

Question 13

Location Column

Answer 13

Receptive fields at the same location on a retina are within a column

Question 14

Ocular Dominance Columns

Answer 14

Neurons in the cortex respond preferentially to one eye (stacking)

Question 15

Hypercolumns

Answer 15

Allows brain to interpret small region of visual world and is a mix of orientation and ocular dominance columns

Question 16

Extrastriate Cortex

Answer 16

-Secondary visual cortical processing regions, etc V2 and V3
-Receptive field and perceptions get bigger
-Streams

Question 17

Learning about sensory brain areas

Answer 17

Lesioning-destroying a part of brain
Ablation-removing a part of the brain

Question 18

Object Discriminant

Answer 18

Monkey is shown an object, given 2 choices, reward for detecting correct object

Question 19

Landmark Discriminant

Answer 19

Monkey is trained to pick the food next to a cylinder

Question 20

Temporal Lobe Ablation

Answer 20

Problems with object recognition (what)

Question 21

Parietal Lobe Ablation

Answer 21

Problems with locating and interacting with objects (where/how)

Question 22

Dorsal Stream

Answer 22

Where will the ball land? Trajectory of motion? How do I hold/hit the object?

Question 23

Ventral Stream

Answer 23

That’s a tennis ball. Thats a racket. That play reminds me of last tournament