ICT Theory 0417 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define newsletter.

A

Printed or electronic publication for employees, customers, parents, or students.

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2
Q

Newsletter feature.

A

Use of columns / Altered margins and spacing / Indented text / Inserted links.

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3
Q

Poster advantage.

A

Eye-catching, placed in strategic positions for high visibility.

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4
Q

Poster disadvantage.

A

Costly to rent advertising space / Subject to weather / Limited lifespan.

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5
Q

Website advantage over paper.

A

Can add sound/video/animation / Use hyperlinks / Navigation buttons / Hit counters.

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6
Q

Website disadvantage.

A

Can be hacked / Risk of pharming / Requires computer and internet / Less portable.

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7
Q

Multimedia presentation advantage.

A

Sound/animation grabs attention / Interactive hyperlinks / Transition effects for order.

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8
Q

Multimedia presentation disadvantage.

A

Requires expensive special equipment / Equipment failure risk / Needs internet access.

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9
Q

Define podcast.

A

Digital audio file available on internet for download to computer or mobile device.

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10
Q

Define media streaming.

A

Live/recorded content delivered via internet, played in real time without download.

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11
Q

Media streaming advantage.

A

Instant access / Saves time (no download) / No storage space needed.

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12
Q

Media streaming disadvantage.

A

Requires internet / Requires good connection / Don’t get to keep product / Security risks / Technology may fail.

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13
Q

Define live streaming.

A

Streamed video sent over internet in real time without being recorded first.

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14
Q

E-publication advantage.

A

Embedded multimedia / Auto page change / Hyperlinked sections / More up-to-date / Interactive / Can be read aloud.

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15
Q

E-reader advantage over books.

A

Less bulky / Constant access to digital library / Portable.

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16
Q

Define VoIP.

A

Voice over Internet Protocol - delivery of voice communications over internet (internet telephony).

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17
Q

Define computer modelling.

A

Using mathematical formulae to simulate real-life situations and test under different conditions.

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18
Q

Why use computer modelling?

A

Test without danger / Test feasibility without large cost / Simulate new designs under various conditions.

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19
Q

Give three modelling examples.

A

Personal finance / Bridge/building design / Flood water management / Traffic management / Weather forecasting.

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20
Q

Modelling advantage.

A

Cheaper than real object / Safe testing under extremes / Find unexpected problems / Test different scenarios.

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21
Q

Modelling disadvantage.

A

Mistakes in programming / High setup cost / Time to interpret results / Unrealistic reactions / Not all variables considered.

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22
Q

Define computer-controlled system.

A

Set of devices (processor, sensors, actuators) working together to achieve objectives.

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23
Q

Computer-controlled system advantage.

A

Quick response / Works 24/7 / Operates in dangerous places / No wages.

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24
Q

Computer-controlled system disadvantage.

A

High initial/maintenance cost / Stops during power cut.

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25
Central heating control example.
Microprocessor compares sensor temp with preset value, opens gas valve/turns on pump if temp too low.
26
Chemical process control example.
Sensors monitor temp and pH; computer switches heater/valves to maintain preset levels.
27
Patient vital signs measurement example.
Sensors read pulse/temp/BP; computer compares with stored values, outputs graphs, activates alarm if abnormal.
28
Autonomous vehicle advantage.
Fewer driving errors / Fewer accidents / Easier parking / Time-saving for passenger.
29
Autonomous vehicle disadvantage.
High initial cost / Technology may malfunction / Could increase pollution / Security risk (hacking).
30
School management system input.
Student personal details / Marks and grades / Behavior / Test results / Attendance.
31
School management system output.
Yearly reports / Progress against forecasts / Statistical analysis.
32
What is CAL?
Computer Aided Learning - method tailored to individual student, allows learning at own pace, repeat sections.
33
What are CBEs?
Computer-Based Exams - organized by boards, can be taken when ready, not at fixed times.
34
Online booking advantage.
Prevents double booking / Immediate feedback on availability / 24/7 booking / Easy seat browsing.
35
Online booking disadvantage.
Expensive setup/maintenance / Requires computer and internet / Difficult to cancel / Server downtime stops booking.
36
ATM use.
Withdraw/deposit cash/cheques / Check balance / Pay bills / Transfer money.
37
ATM advantage.
Open 24/7 / Access anywhere / Global account access.
38
ATM disadvantage.
Fees may apply / Daily withdrawal limit / Fraud risk.
39
What is EFT?
Electronic Fund Transfer - transfer of money electronically from one account to another.
40
EFT advantage.
Faster than cheque/cash / Immediate payment / 24/7 / More secure than cash.
41
EFT disadvantage.
Funds must be available / Irreversible if sent to wrong account / Open to hacking.
42
Credit card advantage.
Can withdraw cash (with fee) / Spread large purchase cost / Offers benefits/rewards.
43
Credit card disadvantage.
Temptation to overspend / Limited by credit limit / Fees and charges.
44
Debit card advantage.
Cash withdrawal without charge / Easy to obtain / Widely accepted.
45
Debit card disadvantage.
No cancellation period / Hard to track spending / Fraud risk.
46
Cheque advantage.
Avoid carrying cash / Can be stopped / Can be traced if lost.
47
Cheque disadvantage.
No guarantee of funds / Not suitable for small amounts.
48
Internet banking service.
Fund transfers / Balance inquiries / Set up/cancel payments / Track investments.
49
Internet banking disadvantage.
Security risk (hackers) / Easy to make mistaken transfer.
50
Pharmacy record purpose.
Ensure correct medication, check patient history, prevent prescribing errors.
51
3D printer medical use.
Prosthetics / Tissue engineering / Artificial blood vessels / Implants / Customised medicines.
52
Expert system component: User interface.
Method for system to interact with user (dialogue boxes, questions, outputs results).
53
Expert system component: Inference engine.
Main processor; examines knowledge base, uses rule base for problem-solving.
54
Expert system component: Knowledge base.
Collection of facts/knowledge from experts.
55
Expert system component: Rule base.
Set of inference rules (IF statements) used to draw conclusions.
56
Expert system component: Explanation system.
Explains decision-making process step-by-step.
57
Expert system example.
Car diagnosis / Medical diagnosis / Mineral prospecting / Financial planning / Chess / Plant identification.
58
Expert system advantage.
Consistent answers / Never forgets / Reduces problem-solving time / Indicates probability / Saves money / Provides access to expertise.
59
Expert system disadvantage.
Lacks common sense / Errors in knowledge base lead to wrong decisions / Expensive setup / Requires training.
60
EFTPOS process.
Supermarket computer connects to bank, checks customer balance, confirms payment, transfers funds, prints receipt.
61
NFC payment.
Uses radio waves over short distance; smart device (active/passive) communicates with payment terminal.
62
Internet shopping advantage.
More choice / Lower prices / No travel needed / Good for disabled/elderly / No queues.
63
Internet shopping disadvantage.
Cannot touch/try items / Card theft fear / Not everyone has computer / Delivery fees.
64
Automatic stock control using barcodes.
Scan barcode, search stock file, reduce stock level, auto-reorder if below minimum, update files.
65
ANPR purpose.
Automatic Number Plate Recognition - checks plates against database to identify stolen/uninsured cars, road offences.
66
ANPR process to open gate.
Camera takes image, software isolates plate, OCR reads characters, database check, gate opens if authorised.
67
GPS/SATNAV advantage.
No paper maps / Removes errors / Warns of speed cameras / Estimates arrival time.
68
GPS/SATNAV disadvantage.
Outdated maps give wrong instructions / Road closures cause problems / Signal loss / Incorrect input leads to wrong info.
69
GIS use.
Geographic Information System - maps, models, queries, analyses data by location (e.g., emergency services, environmental protection).
70
GIS advantage.
Helps planning decisions / Communicates data during pandemic.
71
GIS disadvantage.
Expensive software / Requires vast data.
72
Satellite TV advantage.
Large content / Foreign stations / Good for rural areas (no cables).
73
Satellite TV disadvantage.
Needs satellite dish / Dish must be positioned correctly.
74
Satellite phone advantage.
Connect when travelling / Works with no cellular signal / Connects to cellular/landline.
75
Satellite phone disadvantage.
Expensive to buy and call / Requires direct line of sight (not in buildings).
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