Extras

Question 1

Define generic file type.

Answer 1

File that can be opened on any OS using standard application.

Question 2

Why use generic file formats?

Answer 2

Allows files to be opened on any platform / Formatting not package-specific / Enables cross-computer compatibility.

Question 3

What is a CSV file?

Answer 3

Comma Separated Values - saves table data as text separated by commas.

Question 4

TXT file characteristic.

Answer 4

Plain text without formatting, usable by any text editor.

Question 5

RTF vs TXT.

Answer 5

RTF saves some formatting; TXT is plain text only.

Question 6

PDF advantage.

Answer 6

Can be read by most computers / Hard to edit, protects from change.

Question 7

What is CSS?

Answer 7

Cascading StyleSheet - defines how web pages look, part of presentation layer.

Question 8

What is HTML?

Answer 8

HyperText Markup Language - code interpreted by web browsers to display web pages.

Question 9

JPEG use.

Answer 9

Storing photographic images / Complex colors and gradients.

Question 10

PNG advantage over JPEG.

Answer 10

Supports background transparency.

Question 11

GIF use.

Answer 11

Animated/moving images / Icons/simple logos / Background transparency.

Question 12

ZIP vs RAR.

Answer 12

Both compress files; RAR has higher compression, smaller size, faster decompression.

Question 13

Compression purpose.

Answer 13

Save storage space and speed up file transmission.

Question 14

Lossy vs lossless compression.

Answer 14

Lossy: permanently deletes data (irreversible). Lossless: reduces file size without data loss (reversible).

Question 15

Lossy compression example.

Answer 15

JPEG for images.

Question 16

Lossless compression example.

Answer 16

ZIP, RAR, PNG.

Question 17

Corporate house style purpose.

Answer 17

Provides consistency across company documents / Saves time/money on production.

Question 18

House style features.

Answer 18

Corporate font style/size / Logo inclusion and position / Text position.

Question 19

What is a gutter margin?

Answer 19

Extra margin added to inside margin to prevent text being obscured by binding.

Question 20

Define widow.

Answer 20

Last line of paragraph appearing as first line of new page/column.

Question 21

Define orphan.

Answer 21

First line of paragraph appearing as last line of page/column.

Question 22

Footer purpose.

Answer 22

Repeats information on each page / Allows easier navigation / Saves manual entry time.

Question 23

Page vs column vs section break.

Answer 23

Page: ends page, starts new. Column: ends column, starts new. Section: divides document for different formats.

Question 24

Flat file database.

Answer 24

Database with one table.

Question 25

Flat file advantage.

Answer 25

Easy to create, use, understand / Can be sorted and searched.

Question 26

Relational database.

Answer 26

Database with many linked tables.

Question 27

Relational DB advantage over flat file.

Answer 27

Data stored once (less duplication) / Less memory / Uses data integrity / Queries/reports from multiple tables.

Question 28

Primary key characteristic.

Answer 28

Unique identifier for each record / Cannot be null / One per table / Creates relationships.

Question 29

Foreign key characteristic.

Answer 29

Field in one table referring to primary key in another / Can be null / Enforces referential integrity.

Question 30

Web development layers.

Answer 30

Content layer, Behavior (scripting) layer, Presentation layer.

Question 31

Content layer function.

Answer 31

What people see (text, images, videos) / Creates web page structure.

Question 32

Behavior layer function.

Answer 32

Controls how web elements behave when user interacts.

Question 33

Presentation layer function.

Answer 33

Applies styles to elements of web page.

Question 34

Why use tables in web pages?

Answer 34

Restricts output for constant display / Independent of screen resolution / Organizes data.

Question 35

Absolute vs relative file path.

Answer 35

Absolute: full path from top (e.g., C:/folder/file). Relative: path from current location (e.g., file.html).

Question 36

Why avoid absolute paths for hyperlinks?

Answer 36

Links break if files move (reference old path).

Question 37

Anchor vs hyperlink similarity.

Answer 37

Both are links / Can be attached to icons/text/graphics / HTML tags for navigation.

Question 38

Anchor vs hyperlink difference.

Answer 38

Anchor moves within same page; hyperlink moves to another page/website.

Question 39

External stylesheet.

Answer 39

Styles stored in separate document outside web page.

Question 40

Inline style attribute.

Answer 40

Styles placed within HTML code for single element.

Question 41

Why use inline style?

Answer 41

Overrides external stylesheet / Applies unique styles to single element.

Question 42

Class vs style.

Answer 42

Class: user-defined, reusable style set. Style: pre-defined CSS property.

Question 43

What are metatags?

Answer 43

Data about HTML document, not displayed (e.g., charset, name, content attributes).

Question 44

When should you use lossless compression for text files?

Answer 44

Always, because text must be reconstructed exactly.

Question 45

Why would a company use a corporate house style?

Answer 45

To ensure all documents have consistent branding.

Question 46

What is the main disadvantage of a flat file database?

Answer 46

Data redundancy and inefficiency.

Question 47

Why is a primary key essential in a relational database?

Answer 47

To uniquely identify each record and create relationships between tables.

Question 48

What is the purpose of the behavior layer in web development?

Answer 48

To make web pages interactive (e.g., form validation, animations).

Question 49

When should you use a relative file path?

Answer 49

When linking to files within the same website directory.

Question 50

What is the advantage of using an external stylesheet?

Answer 50

Allows consistent styling across multiple web pages with one file.

Question 51

Why is PNG preferred over JPEG for logos?

Answer 51

PNG supports transparency, allowing logos to blend with any background.

Question 52

What is the main risk of using lossy compression for documents?

Answer 52

Permanent loss of data or quality degradation.