Chapter 8 - Lesson 3

Question 1

Cell specialized in the storage of fat that makes up adipose tissue are called __.

Answer 1

adipocytes

Question 2

What is the substance used to bind a hydrophobic and hydrophilic compound?

Answer 2

emulsifier

Question 3

What is an enzyme?

Answer 3

protein molecule that acts as a catalyst to bring about a biochemical reaction thus speeding up the process

Question 4

An alkaline fluid that aids in digestion secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder is known as __.

Answer 4

bile

Question 5

A compound comprised of bile salts surrounding monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins in order for absorption to occur is called __.

Answer 5

micelle

Question 6

What is the lymphatic system?

Answer 6

an extensive network of vessels passing through almost all bodily tissues that produce and transport lymph

Question 7

An enzyme found in the endothelium of the cells that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and a glycerol for the cell to use is known as __.

Answer 7

lipoprotein lipase

Question 8

What are the cells called that line the inner surface of blood vessels and other lymphatic tissue?

Answer 8

endothelium

Question 9

What is the difference between low-density and high-density lipoprotien?

Answer 9

low - carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells; bad cholesterol

high - carries excess cholesterol away from the cells to the liver; good cholesterol

Question 10

What is the generally desirable level of cholesterol in a healthy individual?

Answer 10

total - under 200mg
LDL - under 100mg
HDL - over 60mg
triglycerides - under 150mg

Question 11

What is the process that occurs within the cell’s mitochondria to produce glycerol and fatty acids?

Answer 11

beta-oxidation

Question 12

Which molecule participates in biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy?

Answer 12

Acetyl-CoA

Question 13

What are keytone bodies?

Answer 13

a group of incompletely metabolized fat fragments that are normally produced during fat metabolism in the absence of adequate carbogydrates