CHAPTER 8.3: ATP

Question 1

what are the three main types of work cell does?

Answer 1

chemical, transport, and mechanical work

Question 2

what is chemical work?

Answer 2

pushing of endergonic reactions that would not occur spontaneously

Question 3

what is transport work?

Answer 3

the pumping of substances across membranes against spontaneous movement

Question 4

what is mechanical work?

Answer 4

physical work.
eg. beating of cilia, contraction of muscle cells.

Question 5

what is energy coupling?

Answer 5

the use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one

Question 6

what does ATP consist of?

Answer 6

sugar (ribosome) nitrogenous base, and 3 phosphates

Question 7

what is a phosphorylated intermediate?

Answer 7

the recipient molecule with the phosphate group covalently bonded to it

Question 8

what can break the bonds between phosphate groups of ATP?

Answer 8

hydrolysis

Question 9

what occurs in the ATP cycle?

Answer 9

energy released by breakdown reactions (catabolism) in the cell is used to phosphorylate ADP, regenerating ATP.

chemical potential energy stored in ATP drives most cellular work.

Question 9

activation energy

Answer 9

the initial investment of energy for starting a reaction the energy required to contort the reactant molecules so the
bonds can break

Question 10

what is a catalyst?

Answer 10

a chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by reaction.