classical conditioning

Question 1

conditioning

Answer 1

• process of learning associations between a stimulus in the environment (one event) and a behavioural response (another response)

Question 2

classical conditioning

Answer 2

• three phrase process that involves developing an association with a stimulus (or stimuli) that results in a learned response
• response is involuntary (salivating)

Question 3

pavlovs exp

Answer 3

• initially dogs salivate when food enters their mouth
• but the repeated association of the sounds of the laboratory technician preparing the food and the food, makes the dog salivate at the sounds of the laboratory technician preparing food

Question 4

stimulus

Answer 4

any object or event that elicits a response

Question 5

3 stages of classical

Answer 5

• before conditioning
• during conditioning
• after conditioning

Question 6

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 6

• consistently producing a particular, naturally occurring, automatic response
• food

Question 7

unconditioned response

Answer 7

• response that occurs automatically when UCS is presented

- salivation

Question 8

neutral stimulus

Answer 8

• stimulus that does not produce a predictable response

ringing of the bell

Question 9

stimulus generalisation

Answer 9

• tendency of another stimulus similar to the original conditioned stimulus but still produces the conditioned response
  (greater the similarity between stimuli, the greater the possibility the generalisation will occur)
• in the case of Pavlov, the similar stimuli would produce a less amount of saliva

Question 10

stimulus discrimination

Answer 10

• when the response only occurs with the conditioned stimulus, not any other stimulus

Question 11

extinction

Answer 11

• when UCS is no longer presented, the gradual decrease in rate of CR, thus CR no longer occurs following presentation of CS

Question 12

spontaneous recovery

Answer 12

• extinction is not always permanent
• reappearance of CR when the CS is presented, following a rest period (no CS is presented) after the CR appears to have extinguished

Question 13

ethical implications of little albert

Answer 13

• no physical or psychological harm but albert returned psychologically damaged with a fear of rats
• no informed consent as Albert was too young to understand the terms of experiment
• failed to debrief Albert (did not extinguish the conditioned response to fear of white and fluffy objects)