- UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION - (+) CLOT FORMATION - CLEAR SUPERNATANT - D-DIMER NEG

CM - OBF CONTINUATION Flashcards by Shynne Galang

LINES THE SKULL AND VERTEBRAL CANAL

DURA MATER

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FILAMENTOUS INNER MEMBRANE

ARACHNOID MATER

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PORTION CSF FLOWS

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

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LINES THE SURFACE OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

PIA MATER

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PRODUCES CSF BY FILTRATION

CHOROID PLEXUS

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REABSORBS CSF

ARACHNOID VILLI

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METHOD OF COLLECTION CSF IN ADULTS

LUMBAR PUNCTURE B/W L3 AND L4

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METHOD OF COLLECTION CSF IN INFANTS

LUMBAR PUNCTURE B/W L4 AND L5

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TUBE 1 OF CSF FOR

CC/SERO

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TEMP FOR TUBE 1

FREEZING TEMP

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TUBE 2 OF CSF FOR

MICROBIO

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TEMP FOR TUBE 2

ROOM TEMP

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TUBE 3 OF CSF FOR

HEMA

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TEMP FOR TUBE 3

REFRIGERATION

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4TH TUBE OF CSF FOR

MICROBIO OR SERO

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IF 1 CSF TUBE ONLY AVAILABLE WHAT IS THE ORDER OF USAGE?

MICRO > HEMA > CC/SERO

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NORMAL COLOR OF CSF

CRYSTAL CLEAR

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COLOR WITH SLIGHT AMOUNT OF OXYHGB IN CSF

PINK

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COLOR OF CSF WHEN OXYHEMOGLOBIN IS DEGRADED INTO BILIRUBIN

YELLOW

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COLOR OF CSF WHEN THERE IS A HEAVY HEMOLYSIS

ORANGE

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TRAUMATIC TAP

UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION
(+) CLOT FORMATION
CLEAR SUPERNATANT
D-DIMER NEG

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INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE

EVEN DISTRIBUTION
NO CLOT
XANTHOCHROMIC
D-DIMER POSITIVE

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PELLICLE CSF APPEARANCE

TUBERULAR MENINGITIS

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NORMAL WBC VALUES IN CSF OF ADULTS

0-5 WBC/uL

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NORMAL WBC VALUES IN CSF OF NEONATES

0-30 WBC/uL

CLEAR CSF DILUTION

UNDILUTED (1)

SH CSF DILUTION

1:10

HAZY CSF DILUTION

1:20

SC CSF DILUTION

1:100

C CSF DILUTION

1:200

BLOODY CSF DILUTION

1:10, 000

FOR EVERY 700 RBCs seen

- 1 WBC

WHAT SHOULD BE ADDED DURING CYTOCENTRIFUGE TO INCREASES CELL YIELD OR RECOVERY

30% ALBUMIN

PREDOMINANT CELLS IN CSF

LYMPHOCYTES AND MONOCYTES

WBC FOUND IN VIRAL, TB, FUNGAL NENINGITIS

LYMPHOCYTES AND MONOCYTES

WBC BACTERIAL MENINGITIS

NEUTROPHILS

NORMAL VALUES OF CSF PROTEIN IN ADULTS

15-45mg/dL

CSF PROTEIN INCREASED IN THIS CONDITIONS

MENINGITIS HEMORRHAGE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

CARBOHYDRATE-DEFICIENT TRANSFERRIN FOUND IN CSF BUT NOT IN SERUM

BETA 2-TRANSFERRIN "TAU" PROTEIN

PREFERRED METHOD FOR CSF PROTEIN DETERMINATION

3% TRICHLOROACETIC ACID

PRECIPITATES ALBUMIN ONLY

3% SSA

DYE BINDING CSF PROTEIN DETERMINATION

COOMASIE BRILLIANT BLUE

ASSESS CONDITIONS IgG PRODUCTION WITHIN THE CNS

IgG INDEX

2 OR MORE OLIGOCLONAL BANDS IN CSF BUT NOT IN SERUM DIAGNOSIS OF

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

BETTER RESOLUTION IS OBTAINED USING CSF IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS AND ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING FOLLOWED BY

SILVER STAINING

PROTEIN COMPONENT OF THE LIPID-PROTEIN COMPLEX THAT INSULATE THE NERVE FIBERS

MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN

SPECIMEN FOR BLOOD GLUCOSE SHOULD BE DRAWN ________ PRIOR TO SPINAL TAP

2 HOURS

VALUE OF GLUCOSE IN VIRAL MENINGITIS

NORMAL

SENSITIVE METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY

CSF LACTATE

INDIRECT TESTT FOR THE PRESENCE OF EXCESS AMMONIA IN THE CSF

CSF GLUTAMINE

INCREASED IN CSF OF REYE'S SYNDROME

GLUTAMINE

NORMAL CSF LDH PATTERN

1>2>3>4>5

NEUROLOGICAL LDH PATTERN

2>1

BACTERIAL MENINGITIS LDH PATTERN

5>4>3>2>1

RECOMMENDED BY CDC FOR THE DETECTION OF NEUROSYPHILIS

VDRL

DETECTS GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN

LIMULUS AMOEBOCYTE LYSATE TEST (LAL)

SITE OF SPERMATOGENESIS

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

NURSE CELLS FOR DEVELOPING SPERMS

SERTOLI CELLS

SITE OF SPERM MATURATION

EPIDIDYMIS

PROVIDES NUTRIENTS FOR SPERM AND FLUID

SEMINAL VESICLES

COMPOSITION OF SEMEN

5% SPERMATOZOA 60-70% SEMINAL FLUID 20-30% PROSTATE FLUID 5% BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS

ABSTINENCE FOR SEMEN COLLECTION

2-7 DAYS

ANALYSIS SHOULD BE DONE AFTER ______ OF LIQUEDFACTION

30-60MINUTES

FAILURE TO LIQUEFY WITHIN 60 MINUTES MAY BE A CAUSED OF?

DEFICIENCY IN PROSTATIC ENZYMES

NORMAL COLOR OF SEMEN

GRAY-WHITE, TRANSLUCENT

NORMAL VALUE OF SEMEN

2-5mL

INCREASED VISCOSITY OF SEMEN MEANS

LOW SPERM MOTILITY

GRADING OF GEL-LIKE SEMEN

WATERY SEMEN

INCREASE PH OF SEMEN INDICATES

INFECTION

DILUTION FOR SPERM CONCENTRATION

> 20 MILLION

DILUENT USED IN SPERM COUNT

COLD TAP WATER

FOR UNDILUTED SPERM SPECIMEN WE USE

MAKLER COUNTING CHAMBER

IF 2 WBCs SQUARES ARE USED, WHAT IS THE FORMULA

NO. OF SPERMS COUNTED X 100,000

IF 5 RBCs SQUARES ARE USED, WHAT IS THE FORMULA

NO. OF SPERMS COUNTED X 100,000

AREA OF 1 WBC SQUARE

1MM

AREA OF 1 RBC SQUARE

0.04MM

NORMAL VALUE OF SPERM COUNT

> 40 MILLION PER EJACULATE

NORMAL VALUES OF NORMA SPERM MOTILITY

>50% MOTILE WITHIN 1 HOUR

DETERMINES SPERM CONCENTRATION, VELOCITY AND TRAJECTORY

COMPUTER-ASSISTED SEMEN ANALYSIS

SIZE OF ACROSOMAL CAP

5X3

ACROSOMAL CAP CONSIST OF?

1/2 HEAD 2/3 NUCLEUS

LENGTH OF NECK

7um

TOTAL SIZE OF THE TAIL INCLUDING THE NECK

45um

ABNORMAL HEAD OF SPERM

POOR OVUM PENETRATION

ABNORMAL TAIL

POOR MOTILITY

HARDENING OF VEINS THAT DRAIN THE TESTES

VARICOCELE

MODIFIED BLOM'S TEST REAGENT

EOSIN AND NIGROSIN

LIVING SPERMS STAIN

BLUISH WHITE

SEMINAL FLUID FRUCTOSE IS TESTED WITHIN?

2 HOURS

IF NOT TESTED WITHIN 2 HOURS

FROZEN

SCREENING TEST FOR SEMINAL FLUID FRUCTOSW

RESORCINOL TEST

RESORCINOL TEST AKA

SELIWANOFF'S TEST

MORE SPECIFIC METHOD TO DETECT SEMEN IN MEDICO-LEGAL

GLYCOPROTEIN P30

TEST FOR CHOLINE

FLORENCE TEST

TEST FOR SPERMINE

BARBIERO'S TEST

POST VASECTOMY ANALYSIS IS DONE AFTER

2 MONTHS

IF VAS DEFERENS IS NOT TIED THEN REGINERATE

RECANALIZATION

JOINT FLUID AKA

SYNOVIAL FLUID

METHOD OF COLLECTION OF SYNOVIAL FLUID

ARTHROCENTESIS

NORMAL SYNOVIAL VOLUME

<3.5mL

DO NOT USE WHAT IN SYNOVIAL COLLECTION

POWDERED ANTICOAG AND LITHIUM HEPARIN

NORMAL COLOR OF SYNOVIAL

COLORLESS PALE YELLOW AND CLEAR

MILKY SYNOVIAL FLUID

PSEUDOGOUT

NORMAL FLUID VISCOSITY FORMS A STRING THAT IS

4.6cm LONG

REAGENT OF MUCIN CLOT

2-5% ACETIC ACID

SOLID OR COMPACT CLOT

GOOD

DILUTING FLUIDS FOR WBC COUNT IN SYNOVIAL FLUID

NSS HYPOTONIC SALINE SALINE W/ SAPONIN

FOR VERY VISCOUS FLUID ADD 1 DROP OF

0.05% HYALURONIDASE

NUMBER OF WBCs OF SYNOVIAL FLUID IN DIFF COUNT

<200/uL

NEUTROPHIL CONTAINING INGESTED "ROUND BODY"

LE CELL

VACUOLATED MACROPHAGE W/ INGESTED NEUTROPHILS

REITER CELL

NEUTROPHIL W/ DARK CYTOPLASMIC GRANULES

RA CELL

MACROSCOPICALLY RESEMBLE POLISHED RICE

RICE BODIES

GROUND PEPPER APPEARANCE FOUND IN SYNOVIAL

ONCHROTIC SHARDS

NORMAL SYNOVIAL SHOULD NOT CONTAIN ANY?

CRYSTAL

MONOSODIUM URATE FOUND IN SYNOVIAL FLUID

GOUT

CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE FOUND IN SYNOVIAL FLUID

PSEUDOGOUT

HAS A POSITIVE BIREFRINGENCE IF FOUND IN SYNOVIAL FLUID

CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE

INDICATES OSTEOARTHRITIS IF FOUND IN SYNOVIAL FLUID

APATITE

A CONTROL SLIDE FOR MSU POLARIZATION CAN BE PREPARED USING?

BETAMETHASONE ACETATE CORTICOSTEROID

Synovial fluid is clear, yellow and has good viscosity with < 1,000/uL wbc count

Non-inflammatory/Degenerative joint disorder

Synovial fluid has a cloudy, yellow green fluid, Neutrophils are >75%

Microbial infection

Fluid between parietal and visceral membranes

Serous fluid

Accumulation of fluid between the membranes

Effusion

Disruptiin of fluid production and regulation between membranes

Transudate

Changes in hydrostatic and oncotic pressure

Transudate

Hypoproteinemia (trans vs exu)

Transudate

Congestive heart failure (trans vs exu)

Transudate

Nephrotic syndrome (trans vs exu)

Transudate

Liver cirrhosis (trans vs exu)

Transudate

Direct damage to the membrane of a particular cavity

Exudate

Infection (trans vs exu)

Exudate

Inflmmation (trans vs exu)

Exudate

Malignancy (trans vs exu)

Exudate

Most reliable test for transudate and exudate

Fluid: Serum protein/Serum LD ratio

Fluid: Serum protein/Serum LD ratio of transudate

All are less than compared to exudate

Fluid: Serum protein/Serum LD ratio of exudate

All are greater than compared to transudates

Serum Ascite albumin gradient of transudates

> 1.1

Serum Ascite albumin gradient of exudates

<1.1

It is tge recommended test to detect transudates of hepatic origin

SAAG

Positive test in Rivalta's test

Exudates

Normal color of Serous fluid

Clear, Pale yellow (serum like)

Method of collection of pleural fluid

Thoracentesis

Method of collection of Peritoneal/Ascitic fluid

Paracentesis

Tube used for Synovial fluids

Plain/Heparin tubes

Milky pleural fluid that caused by lymphatic duct leakage

Chylous effusion

Milky pleural fluid caused by chronic inflammation

Pseudochylous effusion

Test results of having increased lymphocytes in pleural fluid, TAG is >110mg/dL and a positive in sudan lll staining

Chylous effusion

Milky Pleural fluid that has cholesterol crystals

Pseudochylous effusion

Uneven distribution of blood in bloody pleural fluid with hct of >1/2

Hemothorax

Even distribution of blood with a hct of <1/2 in Bloody Pleural Fluid

Hemorrhagic effusion

Contain concentric striations of collagen-like material

Psammoma bodies

Tumor marker for colon cancer

CEA

Tumir marker for Ovarian

CA 125

Tumor marker for breast cancer

CA 15-3, CA 549

Tumor marker for Lung/Breast cancer

CYFRA 21-1

CM - OBF CONTINUATION Flashcards

(157 cards)