Collectivisation

Question 1

What was collectivisation?

Answer 1

Small farms were merged into large farms of anything between 20 to 150 families
- by 1937 93% of peasant housholds collectivised

Question 2

What was the reason for collectivisation?

Answer 2

A fear of invasion by foreign powers has conviced many in the communist party that there was an urgent need to industrialise and to defened itself against an attack by the capitalist powers
- larger units would make the use of machinery more viable and cost-effective
- mechanisation in the countryside allowed less works in the fields so they can work in towns and cities

Question 3

What happaned in 1927 of the ‘the grain procurement crisis’?

Answer 3

Due to the shortages in food supplies the ‘kulak grain strike’ occured were:
- animals were slaughtered and led to serious damadge to livestock, shortages in meat and milk
- grain production fell from 73.3 million in 1828 to 67.6 in 1934
- rural population starved while goverment seixed food to export to gain foreign exchange
- absence of horses and tractors made it difficult to farm
(the protest to giving their land to the state)

Question 4

What was the issues when ther kulaks were killed (dekulakisation)?

Answer 4

Kulaks were successful farmers meaning there was a loss of experinced farmers, led to disastrous consequences, including the loss of skilled farmers, widespread famine, economic inefficiency, and massive social upheaval.

Question 5

What was the Holodomor (death by hunger)?

Answer 5

The Holodomor was a devastating man-made famine that took place in Soviet Ukraine from 1932-33, as stalin punished Ukraine by seizing grain and livestock due to their low production that was intentional

Question 6

How many people died during the Holodomor?

Answer 6

5 million deaths

Question 7

What happened during the ‘liquidating of kulaks’?

Answer 7

1.5 million peasants sent to labour camps

Question 8

What was the consequence of collectivisation?

Answer 8

-Devistaed soviet agriculture but realsed more money to fun industrialisation
- peasants responded by destroying their crops, animals and machinery
- the absence of incentives farmers were no longer ablw to make a profit

Question 9

What was the grain production from 1930-31?

Answer 9

1930- 83.5
1931- 69.5
(devistating decrease)

Question 10

What did Krushchev promote after appointed partry secretary in 1949?

Answer 10

Creating larger collectives which would make it easier use to larger-scale machinery
- by 1952 over 100,000 larger collectives had been created