constipation & elimination problems

Question 1

• for occasional constipation or irregularity
• can help lower cholesterol
• unabsorbed by intestines & swells become gel-like when water added
• AE: flatulence, bloating
• powder added to minimum 8oz liquid
• CI known intestinal obstruction or fecal impaction

Answer 1

psyllium (Metamucil)

Question 2

psyllium is a

Answer 2

bulk-formin laxative

Question 3

• lubricates fecal mass & slows colonic absorption waster from fecal mass
• effect 6-8h
• AE: abdominal pain, decreased absorption fat-soluble vitamins, decreased other drug absorption, flatulence, bloating, lipid pneumonia
• avoid in dysphagia pt, impaired consciousness
• best as retention enema

Answer 3

mineral oil

Question 4

mineral oil is a

Answer 4

lubricant laxative

Question 5

• prevention constipation w/ use of opioids, prevents need to strain to have a bowel movement
• AE: loose stool
• commonly used in pregnancy, cardiac pt, postop

Answer 5

docusate sodium (Colace)

Question 6

docusate sodium is a

Answer 6

surfactant laxative

Question 7

• relief of constipation & as part of bowel prep medical exams/surgery
• AE: abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, nausea, weakness
• effective 6-12h PO, 15min rectally
• CI undiagnosed abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, fecal impaction, age <6yrs

Answer 7

bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

Question 8

bisadocyl is a

Answer 8

cathartic stimulant

Question 9

T/F: drink milk within 1h taking bisadocyl

Answer 9

F

Question 10

• rapid bowel evacuation needed
• increase osmotic pressure intestinal lumen causing water to be retained, resulting in distention of bowel leading to increased peristalsis & increased intestinal transit time
• CI known bowel perforation, GI obstruction, gastric retention, colitis

Answer 10

saline cathartics/osmotics

Question 11

• often prescribed for opt w. hepatic encephalopathy
• POm GI tube, retention enema
• AE: electrolyte imbalances
• pulls water into intestinal lumen, lowering blood ammonia levels, producing frequent soft stools

Answer 11

lactulose