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COSWP Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Act in the context of UK legislation?

A

An Act, also known as a statute, is a law passed by the UK Parliament.

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2
Q

What is the process for an Act to become law in the UK?

A

It undergoes a rigorous process of debate and approval in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords before receiving Royal Assent from the monarch.

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3
Q

What type of legislation is an Act considered in the UK?

A

Primary legislation.

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4
Q

What can Acts do in the UK legal system?

A

Acts can introduce new laws, change existing ones, or repeal old laws.

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5
Q

What is a Statutory Instrument (SI)?

A

A form of secondary legislation created under the authority of an existing Act of Parliament.

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6
Q

What is the purpose of Statutory Instruments?

A

To provide more detailed rules and regulations that supplement the main Act.

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7
Q

How does the debate process for Statutory Instruments compare to that of Acts?

A

SIs do not go through the same extensive debate process as Acts and can be created more quickly.

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8
Q

Who usually drafts Statutory Instruments?

A

Government departments.

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9
Q

How are Statutory Instruments approved?

A

They are approved by Parliament.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: An Act is the primary legislation passed by the UK Parliament, while a _______ is secondary legislation that provides more detailed rules under the authority of an existing Act.

A

Statutory Instrument

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11
Q

The current legislation for health and safety on board is the:

A

No. 2962

The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work)
Regulations 1997.

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12
Q

what are the key points of the 1997 No. 2962
MERCHANT SHIPPING
The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work)
Regulations 1997.

8 point

A
  • The shipowner and employer must ensure the health and safety of all seafarers and others working on board (both employed and self-employed).
  • A health and safety policy should be in place.
  • Risk assessment should underpin all safety measures put in place.
  • Employers should provide health surveillance to workers where a risk to their health is identified due to their work activities.
  • All seafarers must be trained to work safely on board, familiarising with on-board equipment and procedures, including emergency procedures.
  • The shipowner should consult with those working on the vessel regarding the health and safety measures on board.
  • Each seafarer has a duty to look after their own health and safety and that of
    others working with them and comply with the measures put in place for their
    safety.
  • Health and safety measures should be provided free of charge to workers.
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13
Q

1997 No. 2962

The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work)
Regulations 1997.

Who does the rules apply to:

A

The Regulations apply to work activities on UK ships anywhere in the world, and to non-UK ships when they are in United Kingdom waters. They apply to all work activities, with very limited exceptions.

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14
Q

1997 No. 2962
MERCHANT SHIPPING
The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work)
Regulations 1997.

Responsibilities

A

The Master is responsible for implementing and communicating the shipowner’s health and safety policies on board. They set the tone for safety culture, may delegate duties, but always retain overall responsibility.

Seafarers and workers must cooperate with the Master and shipowner, follow safety measures, and actively participate in risk assessments and safe work practices.

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15
Q

MGN 659 (M+F) The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Entry into
Enclosed Spaces) Regulations 2022

A

*came into force on 14 May 2022 for ships covered by the SOLAS Convention.

*They came into effect for other ships, including fishing vessels, on 14 May 2023.

*These new regulations revoke and replace the 1988 Regulations on Entry into Dangerous Spaces.

*The document provides guidance only; the full statutory instrument must be referred to for legal compliance.

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16
Q

What is MGN No. 332

And who does it apply to?

A

No.332

The Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels
(Health and Safety at Work)
(Work at Height)
Regulation 2010

Apply to all UK-registered ships (including fishing vessels, yachts/code vessels, and small vessels).

The regulations require employers to assess and manage risks from working at height, as falls can cause serious or fatal injuries.

These rules apply everywhere (at sea and inland waters).

Some provisions also apply to non-UK ships and fishing vessels when in UK waters.

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17
Q

The Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seafarers

whats in the book?

9 point (sleep swap)

A
  • Safety induction.
  • Living on board.
  • Emergency drills and procedures.
  • Enclosed space entry.
  • PPE.
  • Safety officials.
  • Work at height.
  • Anchoring, mooring and towing operations
  • Permit to work.
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18
Q
A
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19
Q

What does the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seafarers cover?

A

The regulatory framework and provides best practice guidance for health and safety on board ship

It includes guidance on safety management, identifies statutory duties, and practical information for safe working.

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20
Q

Which agency publishes the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seafarers?

A

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA)

The Code is endorsed by various organizations including the National Maritime Occupational Health and Safety Committee.

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21
Q

Who is the primary audience for the Code of Safe Working Practices?

A

Merchant seafarers on UK-registered ships

It is also addressed to those ashore responsible for safety.

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22
Q

What is the intention behind the guidance provided in the Code?

A

To ensure recommendations are understood by all and to promote cooperation in implementation

This is crucial for effective safety management on board.

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23
Q

What legislation allows the Secretary of State to make regulations for ship safety in the UK?

A

Merchant Shipping Act 1995

The Code relates to matters subject to such regulations.

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24
Q

True or False: The recommendations in the Code only apply to officers on board ships.

A

False

The Code is addressed to everyone on a ship, regardless of rank or rating.

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25
Fill in the blank: The Code of Safe Working Practices is intended to improve _______ on board ship.
health and safety
26
What does the Code provide guidance on besides health and safety?
Safety management ## Footnote It also identifies statutory duties and offers practical information for safe working.
27
List three organizations that endorse the Code of Safe Working Practices.
* National Maritime Occupational Health and Safety Committee * UK Chamber of Shipping * Nautilus International
28
Duties of seafarers COSWP
Protect yourself and others: Take care for your own safety and that of others. Cooperate: Follow safety measures and assist those with health and safety duties. Report hazards: Immediately notify responsible officers of serious hazards or deficiencies. Use equipment safely: Operate machinery properly and handle dangerous substances with caution.
29
Wgho keeps COSWP up-to-date
The MCA intends to issue regular updates to the Code to ensure that it remains relevant and reflects changes in standards and in working practices. Updates will be considered by the industry working group and will be subject to wider consultation before final agreement.
30
Core safety leadership qualities
* Instil respect and command authority * Lead the team by example * Draw on knowledge and experience * Remain calm in a crisis * Practise ‘tough empathy’ * Be sensitive to different cultures * Recognise seafarers’ limitations * Motivate a sense of community
31
32
What is the difference between an Act and a Statutory Instrument?
An Act is primary legislation passed by UK Parliament with full debate and Royal Assent, while a Statutory Instrument (SI) is secondary legislation made under an Act, providing more detailed rules.
33
Give an example of primary legislation affecting seafarers.
The Merchant Shipping & Fishing Vessels (Health & Safety at Work) Regulations 1997.
34
Give an example of secondary legislation affecting seafarers.
The Enclosed Spaces Regulations 2022.
35
What is the main health & safety regulation for UK ships?
The Merchant Shipping & Fishing Vessels (Health & Safety at Work) Regulations 1997.
36
Do health & safety regulations apply to non-UK ships?
Yes, they apply to foreign ships in UK waters.
37
Who is responsible for implementing health & safety on board?
The shipowner/employer.
38
What is the role of the shipowner under the 1997 Regs?
To ensure health & safety, conduct risk assessments, and provide necessary training and safety measures.
39
What is the Master’s role in health & safety on board?
To oversee the implementation of health & safety policies and ensure compliance.
40
What are seafarers’ duties under health & safety law?
To take care of their own and others’ safety, cooperate with safety policies, report hazards, and use equipment safely.
41
Must safety equipment be provided free of charge?
Yes, safety measures and personal protective equipment (PPE) must be provided free of charge.
42
What is a risk assessment?
A process to identify and evaluate risks to health and safety.
43
When is health surveillance required?
When it is deemed necessary based on risk assessments.
44
What is meant by 'safety culture' on board?
A shared commitment to safety among all crew members.
45
How should seafarers participate in risk assessment?
By providing input and feedback based on their experiences and observations.
46
What role does consultation play in safety management?
It ensures that all crew members are involved in safety decisions and practices.
47
What regulation covers enclosed space entry?
The Enclosed Spaces Regulations 2022.
48
What previous regulation was revoked by the 2022 Regs?
The 1988 Dangerous Spaces Regulations.
49
When did the enclosed space regulations come into force?
14 May 2022 for SOLAS ships and 14 May 2023 for others.
50
Which MGN supports enclosed space legislation?
MGN 659.
51
Why are enclosed spaces particularly dangerous?
They pose risks of asphyxiation and other hazards due to limited access and ventilation.
52
Which regulation covers working at height on ships?
The Work at Height Regulations 2010.
53
Which MGN provides guidance?
MGN 410.
54
What vessels do the Work at Height Regs apply to?
All UK ships and foreign vessels in UK waters.
55
What is the key risk with work at height?
Falls from height.
56
What must employers do before allowing work at height?
Assess and minimize risks.
57
What is the purpose of CoSWP?
To provide guidance on fulfilling statutory duties related to safety.
58
Who publishes CoSWP?
The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA).
59
What are seafarers’ duties under CoSWP?
To follow safety protocols and participate in safety training and drills.
60
How is CoSWP kept up to date?
It is regularly updated by the MCA.
61
Name 3 core qualities of good safety leadership.
Lead by example, instil respect and authority, and motivate teamwork.
62
What is COSWOP?
COSWOP stands for Crew Onboard Safety and Work Operations Procedures.
63
Is COSWOP mandatory or guidance?
COSWOP is mandatory.
64
Name 3 topics covered in COSWOP.
Risk assessment, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Safety Officer duties.
65
What would happen before you are assigned shipboard duties?
You must undergo familiarisation and induction training.
66
Where are your duties as OOW detailed?
Duties as Officer of the Watch (OOW) are detailed in the ship's standing orders.
67
Define a hazard.
A hazard is a potential source of injury, harm, or damage.
68
Define a risk.
Risk is the likelihood multiplied by the severity of a hazard.
69
What are the 4 levels of risk assessment in COSWOP?
Company-level, Task-based, Toolbox talk, Personal risk assessment.
70
What are the 5 steps of risk assessment?
Identify hazards, Who might be harmed, Evaluate risks, Record findings, Review/update.
71
What is the purpose of a toolbox talk?
To discuss job safety before starting work.
72
When must a safety officer be appointed?
A safety officer must be appointed on ships with more than 5 crew.
73
What are the duties of a safety officer?
Monitor hazards, conduct risk assessments, stop unsafe work, conduct safety inductions, carry out inspections.
74
How often must safety inspections be carried out?
Safety inspections must be carried out quarterly.
75
What is the duty of a safety officer regarding unsafe work?
To stop unsafe work and report it to the Master.
76
When must safety representatives be elected?
Safety representatives must be elected if there are more than 5 crew.
77
What are the eligibility requirements for a safety rep?
Must have 2 years of sea service, with an additional 6 months on tankers.
78
What powers do safety representatives have?
Raise concerns, attend safety committee meetings, request updates.
79
Can a company dismiss a safety rep?
No, a safety representative cannot be dismissed by the company or Master.
80
When must a safety committee be formed?
A safety committee must be formed on ships with more than 5 crew.
81
Who chairs the safety committee?
The Master chairs the safety committee.
82
When can a safety committee be disbanded?
A safety committee can be disbanded if there are fewer than 5 crew.
83
When should PPE be used?
PPE should be used when risks cannot be controlled by other means.
84
Who pays for PPE?
PPE must be provided free of charge by the employer.
85
Give 5 examples of PPE.
Helmets, gloves, harnesses, respirators, lifejackets.
86
Why is PPE considered the last line of defence?
Because it is used only when other risk control measures are insufficient.
87
What is a permit to work?
A documented system for high-risk tasks.
88
Name 3 activities that require a permit to work.
Enclosed spaces, hot work, working aloft.
89
How long is a permit valid for?
A permit is valid for a maximum of 24 hours.
90
Who signs a permit to work?
The permit must be signed by an Authorised Officer and a Competent Person.
91
What is the difference between an Authorised Officer and a Competent Person?
An Authorised Officer issues and closes permits; a Competent Person is trained and authorised to perform the job.
92
What is an enclosed space? Give 5 examples.
An enclosed space is a confined area that is not designed for continuous human occupancy. ## Footnote Examples include tanks, silos, cargo holds, void spaces, and ducts.
93
Why are enclosed spaces dangerous?
Enclosed spaces are dangerous due to the risk of toxic gases, lack of oxygen, and potential for entrapment.
94
What regulations apply to enclosed spaces?
Regulations include safety standards and guidelines set by maritime authorities and organizations.
95
What equipment must be carried on board since 2022?
Equipment includes gas detection devices, personal protective equipment (PPE), and communication devices.
96
How do you test atmosphere before entry?
Atmosphere is tested using calibrated gas detectors to measure oxygen levels and detect hazardous gases.
97
What gases must be tested for?
Gases to be tested include oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and flammable gases.
98
What is the normal oxygen level in air?
The normal oxygen level in air is approximately 21%.
99
What is the minimum safe oxygen level for entry?
The minimum safe oxygen level for entry is 19.5%.
100
What precautions before entry?
Precautions include conducting a risk assessment, ensuring proper ventilation, and wearing appropriate PPE.
101
What drills must be carried out for enclosed space entry?
Drills include emergency rescue drills and atmosphere testing drills.
102
Define working at height.
Working at height refers to any work conducted above ground level where a person could fall.
103
What MGNs provide guidance?
MGNs (Maritime Guidance Notes) provide guidance on safety practices and regulations for working at height.
104
Who may work at height?
Only trained and competent personnel may work at height.
105
Can a cadet under 18 work aloft?
No, a cadet under 18 is not permitted to work aloft.
106
What PPE must be worn when working aloft?
PPE includes a safety helmet, harness, and appropriate footwear.
107
What PPE for overside work?
PPE for overside work includes a life jacket, safety harness, and appropriate gloves.
108
Why must an observer remain on deck during overside work?
An observer must remain on deck to monitor safety and provide assistance in case of an emergency.
109
What would you do if you saw bosun aloft without safety gear and C/O ignored it?
Report the situation to higher authority and ensure safety protocols are enforced.
110
What PPE is required during mooring?
PPE required during mooring includes gloves, safety boots, and helmets.
111
What is a snap-back zone?
A snap-back zone is an area where a line may snap back and pose a danger to personnel.
112
What precautions during med-mooring with inexperienced crew?
Precautions include thorough briefing, supervision, and ensuring clear communication.
113
How do you check mooring ropes/wires are safe?
Check for wear, fraying, and proper tension on mooring ropes/wires.
114
Why must a monkey’s fist not contain weights?
A monkey’s fist must not contain weights to prevent injury if it falls.
115
Before anchoring, what checks must be made?
Checks include ensuring the anchor is in good condition and verifying the seabed type.
116
How do you know if anchor is holding?
Monitor the vessel's position and check for changes in the anchor line tension.
117
How much chain do you put out?
The amount of chain to put out depends on the depth of water and weather conditions.
118
Why should anchors be 'walked out'?
Anchors should be 'walked out' to ensure proper setting and reduce the risk of dragging.
119
Why should you not stand in a bight?
Standing in a bight poses a risk of injury if the line snaps or shifts unexpectedly.
120
What is your role as OOW at the aft mooring station?
The OOW is responsible for overseeing mooring operations and ensuring safety protocols are followed.
121
What emergency actions if mooring rope parts under load?
Emergency actions include alerting the crew, securing the area, and following emergency procedures.
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