Uworld > Deck 100: Incorrect > Flashcards

Deck 100: Incorrect Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

HPV strain for genital warts

A

6, 11

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2
Q

HPV strain for cervical, vaginal, vulvar and anal neoplasia

A

16,18

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3
Q

Genome for HPV

A

double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA

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4
Q

2 year old boy, easy bruising. skin extreme fragility. Hyper extensible skin, multiple ecchymoses over forearms and pretibial regions and an umbilical hernia?

A

Ehler-Danlos

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5
Q

what causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A
  • deficiency in procollagen peptidase
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6
Q

Role of pro collagen peptidase

A

cleaves terminal pro peptides from pro collagen in the extracellular space

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7
Q

which amino acid is abundant in collagen

A

glycine

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8
Q

Heteroplasmy

A
  • presence of both normal and mutated mtDNA

- resulting in variable expression in mitochondrially inherited disease

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9
Q

Leber heredistory optic neuropathy leads to

A

bilateral vision loss

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10
Q

Variable expressivity is

A

difference in severity of autosomal dominant disorders

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11
Q

Defective prechordal mesoderm fusion resulting in midline defects ( holoprosencephaly, microphthalmia, cleft lip/palate, omphalocele) as well as polydactyly and cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome

trisomy 13

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12
Q

triad for congenital rubella

A
  • hearing loss
  • cataracts
  • cardiac defects
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13
Q

Ethanol inhibits what sugar process

A

gluconeogenesis

- cause hypoglycemia once hepatic glycogen stores are depleted

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14
Q

ethanol metabolism increases NADH/NAD+ ration in liver causing

A
  1. pyruvate to lacate
  2. oxaloacetate to malate
  3. dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol-3-phosphate ( hepatosteatosis )
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15
Q

Calcineruin activates what? then causes what

A

IL-2: promotes the growth and differentiation of T cells

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16
Q

Name immunosuppressants that inhibit Calcineurin activation

A
  • cyclosporine

- tacrolimus

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17
Q

bcl-2 problem is seen in what disease

A

follicular lymphoma

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18
Q

role of E-cadherin

A

epithelial cell adhesion

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19
Q

Wilson disease can cause damage to what structures in the brain

A
  • cystic degeneration of putamen and basal ganglia structures
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20
Q

amygdala plays a role in what system

A

limbic system

fear and some sympathetic stimulation

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21
Q

Direct factor Xa inhibitors change times how

A
  • increase prothrombin and aPTT time

- no impact on thrombin

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22
Q

unfractionated heparin and direct thrombin inhibitors do what to time

A

prolong thrombin time

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23
Q

Most of the potassium filtered by the glomeruli is reabsorbed where

A
  1. proximal tubule

2. loop of Henle

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24
Q

how does constriction of efferent arterioles in kidney impact GFR, RPF and FF

A
  • increase GFR
  • Decrease RPF
  • increase FF
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25
equation for FF
GFR/RPF
26
What is projection?
immature defense mechanism involving misattribution of one's acceptable feelings or thoughts to another person who does not actually have them
27
reaction formation
do the opposite of what you actually do
28
Tumor associated with past arsenic or polyvinyl chloride or thorotrast. CD 31 cell marker
liver angiosarcoma
29
prolonged exposure to loud noises causes hearing loss due to damage of what
stereo ciliated hair cells of the organ of corti
30
E. coli strain that causes neonatal meningitis has what virulence factor
K1 capsular antigen
31
Elderly patient with fever, hypotension, altered mental status and e. coli bacteremia has septic shock most likely due to
urinary tract infection
32
Indirect inguinal hernia is covered by what
all 3 spermatic fascia
33
direct inguinal hernia is covered by what
external spermatic fascia
34
Direct hernias go through
external superficial inguinal ring
35
indirect hernias go through
internal deep inguinal rink external superficial inguinal ring into scrotum
36
MOA of Flutamide
non-steroid anti-androgen | - competitive inhibitor of testosterone receptors
37
Flutamide is usually combined with what
Leuprolide
38
Name an Armotase inhibitor
Anastrozole
39
New-onset odynophagia is the setting of chronic gastroesophageal reflex disease usually indicates the presence of what
erosive esophagitis and formation of an ulcer
40
Odynophagia
pain with swallowing
41
Most likely cause of hypo chromic microcytic anemia
iron deficiency
42
what she be check in a child bearing age women and a post menopausal age women who has hypo chromic microcytic anemia
child bearing: iron deficiency | postmenopausal: blood loss
43
Vitamin K-depend coagulation factors are
II, VII, IX, X
44
which vitamin K dependent coagulation factor has the shortest half life
7
45
Good medication choice for febrile seizure
antipyretics
46
Name 2 antipyretic drugs
Acetaminophen | Ibuprofen
47
MOA of antipyretic
decrease levels of prostaglandin E2 in hypothalamus
48
how does trigeminal neuralgia present
brief episodes of sudden and severe "electric shock-lile" or "stabbing" pain in the distribution of CN V
49
drug of choice for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
50
what is maintained normal during exercise
- arterial blood gas levels | - arterial pH near resting values
51
mechanism of resistance for vancomycin
substitution of D-lactate in place of D-alanine
52
role of supraspinatus
- abducts arm | - beer can test
53
role of infraspinatus
laterally rotates arm (external rotation) `
54
Role of trees minor
adduction and external rotation
55
Subscapularis
adduction and internal rotation
56
class IB antiarrhythmics bind to what channels
inactivated sodium channels
57
drug of choice in acute management of ventricular arrhythmias during MI
Amiodarone then lidocaine
58
Flat, greasy, pigmented squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin-filled cysts
Seborrheic keratosis
59
characterize Lichen planus
- polygonal - planar - pruritic - purplish
60
Xanthelasma
yellowish macule, papule or plaque found on eyelid | - associated with hyperlipidemia
61
Most common type of thyroid cancer
papillary thyroid cancer
62
fine-needle for papillary thyroid
- large cells with nuclei containing finely dispersed chromatin with a ground-glass appearance ( orphan Annie eye) - intranuclear inclusions and grooves
63
Name 3 things that use Thiamine as cofactor
1. pyruvate dehydrogenase 2. alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogense 3. transketolase
64
what can be used for treatment of bradycardia
atropine
65
common side effects of atropine for eye
increase intraocular pressure | - acute closed-angle glaucoma
66
integrins
transmembrane protein receptors that interact with extracellular matrix by binding to specific proteins ( collagen, fibronectin and laminin)
67
neurological complication of herpes zoster
localized dermatomal pain that persist for several months following zoster eruption
68
MOA for Rituximab
monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen
69
MOA for Infliximab
chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody to TNF alpha
70
IL-2 is used to treat what cancers
renal and melanoma
71
MOA for Imatinib
inhibitor of BCR/ABL protein kinase
72
Abciximab MOA
antibody against platelet GP IIb/IIIa
73
clinical presentation for kawasaki
CRASH and burn - conjuctival injection - rash - adenopathy ( cervical) - strawberry tongue - hand-foot changes - fever
74
complication of Kawasaki
- coronary artery aneurysms
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