diuretics

Question 1

What is the mechanism of loop diuretics?

Answer 1

They inhibit the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ symporter in the thick ascending limb of Henle

Question 2

Give two examples of loop diuretics

Answer 2

Furosemide

Question 3

What is the mechanism of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 3

They inhibit the Na⁺-Cl⁻ symporter in the distal convoluted tubule

Question 4

Name three thiazide diuretics

Answer 4

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 5

Which thiazide analogues have better activity?

Answer 5

Metolazone

Question 6

What is the mechanism of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Answer 6

They inhibit carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubule

Question 7

Give examples of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 7

Acetazolamide

Question 8

What is the mechanism of aldosterone antagonists?

Answer 8

They block aldosterone receptors in the collecting duct

Question 9

Name two aldosterone antagonists

Answer 9

Spironolactone

Question 10

What is the mechanism of ENaC inhibitors?

Answer 10

They block epithelial Na⁺ channels in the collecting duct

Question 11

Give examples of ENaC inhibitors

Answer 11

Triamterene

Question 12

What is the mechanism of osmotic diuretics?

Answer 12

They increase osmotic pressure in renal tubules

Question 13

Give examples of osmotic diuretics

Answer 13

Mannitol