When was the first Duma?
April - June 1906
Who were the biggest party’s in the first Duma?
Kadets, Trudoviks (agrarian reforms)
What did they demand in the first Duma?
Further reform, a truly democratic constitution, a compulsory takeover of all private land and its redistribution
What did Nicholas do a week before the first Duma?
Published the Fundamental Laws
What did the Fundamental Laws do?
Reasserted autocracy.
Made the lower house of the Duma elected, whereas the upper house would be chosen by the Tsar.
Upper house could veto any laws.
Tsar was also required to approve any laws.
Tsar could dissolve the Duma
What did the Kadets do after the first Duma?
200 kadets went to Finland and issued the Vyborg Manifesto.
What did the Vyborg Manifesto state?
That people should refuse to pay taxes or join the army.
But no one paid attention and the kadet deputies were arrested
When was the second Duma?
February - June 1907
What happened in the second Duma?
Hostile attacks on each other.
Left wing deputies attacked Stolypins reforms.
Famine relief
Stolypin ordered whose arrest following the second Duma?
Menshevik deputies
What did the government do following the second Duma?
Changed the electoral system so that it was more compliant. Only 1 in 6 peasants and workers were able to vote
When was the third Duma?
November 1907 - June 1912
How many Russians were eligible to vote in the third Duma?
Only 3.5 million out of 130 million
What were the representatives in the third duma?
44% nobles, 20% peasants.
Socialists, Kadets and Trudoviks were only less than 1/5
The biggest party were Octobrists
What did Stolypin do in the third Duma?
Passed his land reform
What law did the third duma establish?
Law on universal education. Minimum of 4 years compulsory primary education
What did the third Duma establish for workers?
Progressive national health insurance
When was the fourth Duma?
November 1912 - August 1914
Which wing dominated the fourth duma?
Right wing
What did the fourth duma do?
Reform of the church
Progress in education (increased spending on teachers salaries)
Ways to reduce drunkenness
When did the Fourth Duma meet with Nicholas reluctantly?
July 1915
What did Milyukov state about Nicholas?
That he should replace his inept cabinet with a ministry of national confidence as Nicholas was unfit to rule.
What organisations did the Duma begin during the war?
War Industries Committee.
Zemstvo Union.
Union of Town Councils.
What did the War Industries Committee do?
Coordinated production of war materials.
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Early Russia35
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Witte21
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Russification And Opposition30
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Political Groups26
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1905 Revolution45
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Duma34
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Stolypin26
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WWI35
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February Revolution 191718
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Dual Authority49
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October Revolution 191720
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Bolshevik Control57
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Russian Civil War And War Communism71
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NEP17
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New Leader33
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Stalin's elimination of opposition28
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Collectivisation47
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Industrialisation37
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Purges + Terror47
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Cult of Personality23
