New Leader

Question 1

When did Lenin die?

Answer 1

21st January 1924

Question 2

Who was on the left of the communist party?

Answer 2

Trotsky
Zinoviev
Kamenev

Question 3

Who was in the middle of the communist party?

Answer 3

Stalin

Question 4

Who was on the right of the communist party?

Answer 4

Bukharin
Tomsky
Rykov

Question 5

What was Lenins position on industry?

Answer 5

Capitalism to socialism to Communism.
NEP to last a long time but not forever

Question 6

What was the left sides position on industry?

Answer 6

NEP was wrong as it favoured peasants. Betrayed the workers of the revolution.
Dictatorship of industry. Taxes on the peasants

Question 7

What was the Rights position on industry?

Answer 7

Smychka.
Socialism would slowly occur.
Wanted the NEP to continue.
Abandoned the NEP when it began to fail.

Question 8

Lenins position on revolution?

Answer 8

Revolution in Russia could only survive with help of other countries. Or it may achieve socialism on its own.

Question 9

Left position on revolution

Answer 9

Permanent revolution = no socialist society could exist alone. Needed foreign help.

Question 10

Right position on revolution

Answer 10

Socialism in one country. Smychka would allow for self sufficiency. Foreign aid was unnecessary.

Question 11

Left position on degeneration

Answer 11

Feared Trotsky would be a potential dictator.
Feared bureaucrats lacked revolutionary spirit.

Question 12

Right position on degeneration

Answer 12

Trotsky was a threat to the revolution.
Similar to Napolean.
Dictator.

Question 13

How many members did Stalins recruitment campaign in 1923 bring?

Answer 13

128,000 joined the party.

Question 14

Kamenev as leader

Answer 14

Opposed many of Lenin’s strategies, e.g. 1917
Lenin’s closest friend.
Unambitious. lacked vision.
Party Secretary in Moscow. Commissar for Foreign Trade.

Question 15

Tomsky as leader

Answer 15

Member of the metalworkers union.
Chairman of the Central Council of Trade Unions in 1918.
Opposed Lenin in 1920.

Question 16

Rykov as leader

Answer 16

Chairman of Vesenkha and Sovnarkom.
Supported the NEP, not war communism.
Drinker.

Question 17

Trotsky as leader

Answer 17

Lead the Red Army, revolution and civil war. loyal.
‘no better communist’.
‘most able man’.
enemies within the party.
Jewish. most western.
Joined party late in 1917.
Arrogant.

Question 18

Stalin as leader

Answer 18

Crried out orders.
Lacked initiative.
‘that wonderful Georgian’.
Commissar of Nationalities. General Secretary in 1923. Lenin demanded that they find a way to remove Stalin from the party. argued with Lenins wife.
Working class/peasant background.

Question 19

Bukharin as leader

Answer 19

Publicised for Pravda.
Encouraged German communists to rise up and seize power. Opposed the Treaty of Brest Litovsk.
Criticised trotsky and lenin.
Headed the first Communist opposition group.
‘most able among the youngest’ ‘favourite of the whole party’

Question 20

Zinoviev as leader

Answer 20

Active in the party since 1903.
Opposed the coup.
Books and pamphlets.
Disloyal.
Chairman of the Comintern

Question 21

Stalin early life

Answer 21

poverty stricken province. Georgian.

Question 22

Who did Stalin oppose?

Answer 22

the October Deserters (Bolsheviks who opposed the revolution in October 1917)

Question 23

How did Stalin anger Lenin?

Answer 23

he called his wife a whore and told her to stay out of party business.

Question 24

How did party membership rise during Lenin’s enrolment?

Answer 24

from 340,000 in 1922 to 600,000 by 1925

Question 25

When did Stalin become Liaison Officer between Politburo and Orgburo? What did this allow for?

Answer 25

1919. allowed him to monitor both the party's policies and personnel.

Question 26

When did Stalin become the People's Commissar for Nationalities? What did this allow for?

Answer 26

1923. charge over officials in minority regions.

Question 27

When did Stalin become the Head of the Workers and Peasants Inspectorate? What did this allow for?

Answer 27

1919. allowed him to oversee the work of government departments.

Question 28

When did Stalin become the General Secretary of the Communist Party? What did this allow for?

Answer 28

1922. allowed him to record and convey policies and people. allowing him to eventually build up personal files on all members of the party.

Question 29

Successes of Lenin

Answer 29

Ban on factionalism. October Revolution. Civil war. First Communist State. Social reforms. Withdrew Russia from the war. Ideological flexibility. NEP.

Question 30

Failures of Lenin

Answer 30

Against accomodationism (working with the PG). Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Death toll in the Civil War. War Communism. no successor. divisions remained in the party. introduced oppressive regimes.

Question 31

Who claimed that Lenin laid foundations for Stalinist dictatorship?

Answer 31

Richard Pipes

Question 32

Who had organised the October Revolution, the NEP, the Treaty, and the Civil War?

Answer 32

Trotsky

Question 33

What did Trotsky say to oppose Terror?

Answer 33

"We have not organised the revolution to kill"