PHYSIOLOGY > excitable heart > Flashcards

excitable heart Flashcards

(26 cards)

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1
Q

SA node

A
  • unstable phase 4

- automaticity

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2
Q

transmembrane conductance

A
  • POTASSIUM
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3
Q

UNGATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL

A
  • constant
  • concentration dependent
  • it is happening all the time
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4
Q

VOLTAGE GATED SODIUM CHANNELS

A
  • not constant
  • based on electrical charges
  • affected by action potential
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5
Q

VOLTAGE GATED CALCIUM CHANNELS

A
  • not constant
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6
Q

VOLTAGE GATED POTASSIUM CHANNELS

A
  • not constant
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7
Q

Na+ permeability

A
  • fast channel
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8
Q

Ca2+ permeability

A
  • slow channel
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9
Q

K+ permeability

A
  • slow channel
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10
Q

membrane potential (Inside the cell)

A
  • 90mV due to potassium going out NORMALLY

- it becomes positive when sodium goes IN

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11
Q

Calcium2+ L type channels

A
  • stays plateau positive

- going IN

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12
Q

Phase 0

A
  • fast channels open gNa
  • depolarization
  • opens and close quickly
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13
Q

Phase 1

A
  • slight repolarization
  • due to transient Potassium current
  • closing of the sodium channels
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14
Q

arrhythmia

A

treatment to lower mortality beta blockers not anti arrhythmic drugs because it is also a pro drug

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15
Q

Phase 2

A
  • L-type Ca2+ are open
  • Calcium influx (maintains the interior +)
  • K channels are closed and leaving efflux
  • CALCIUM channel antagonist shorten the plateau (NIFEDIPINE, NICARDIPINE, AMLODIPINE ETC) stops the calcium going IN
  • POTASSIUM channel antagonist lengthen the plateau (
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16
Q

hyperpolarized

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A
  • becomes more negative from -70 to -90
17
Q

lethal injection

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A
  • sudden depolarization of the heart

- K

18
Q

Phase 3

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A
  • L type Ca2+ channel closes gCa
  • large K efflux
  • cells quickly repolarized
19
Q

Phase 4

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A
  • gK high
  • voltage gated and unrated potassium channels open
  • relative refractory period
20
Q

SA node

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A
  • top of the atrium
21
Q

AV node

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A
  • bet the atria and ventricle
22
Q

nodal channel

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A
  • no phase 1 and 2
23
Q

acetylcholine

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A
  • vagal stimulation
24
Q

beta blockers

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A
  • blocks the sympathetic stimulation
25
lightheadedness, pulse 40 what is the initial therapy | too slow speed up by
- atropine (anitcholinergic) - anti vagal stimulation - anti parasympathetic - stimulate sympathetic
26
rapid atrial fibrillation initial therapy | too fast slow it down with
- beta blockers to slow down | - stimulate parasympathetic
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