The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) has three main components
Eye Opening (E)
Verbal Response (V)
Motor Response (M)
Flexion to pain
decorticate
Extension to pain
decerebrate
13–15
Mild brain injury / Normal or slight impairment
9–12
Moderate brain injury / Decreased consciousness
Severe brain injury / Coma or severe impairment
3–8
Motor Response (M): Abnormal flexion (decorticate posturing)
3
Motor Response (M): Abnormal extension (decerebrate posturing)
2
Indicates severe brain injury
Abnormal flexion (decorticate posturing)
Indicates brainstem involvement
Abnormal extension (decerebrate posturing)