GERIATRICS Flashcards by TOP 1 PTRP

Maximum survival potential
a. Life span
b. Life expectancy
c. Mortality Rate
d. Life sentence

a. Life span

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A person whose present age is at 80 years old may
be categorized as
a. Young elderly
b. Old elderly
c. Old old
d. Frail

b. Old elderly

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Branch of medicine that deals with the illness of the
elderly
a. Gerontology
b. Aegism
c. Geriatrics
d. Senesence

c. Geriatrics

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Which age group pertains to frail
a. 65-80
b. 70-75
c. 75-84
d. 85-90

d. 85-90

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Which among the following statements describes
cachexia and sarcopenia correctly?
a. Sarcopenia is loss of muscle and strength
accompanied by increase in fat mass while
cachexia is weight loss resulting in both loss
in muscle and fat mass
b. Cachexia is loss of muscle and strength
accompanied by increase in fat mass while
sarcopenia is weight loss resulting in both
loss in muscle and fat mass
c. Sarcopenia is loss of muscle and strength
accompanied by decrease in fat mass while
cachexia is weight loss resulting in loss in
muscle mass and increase in fat mass
d. Sarcopenia is loss of muscle and strength
accompanied by decrease in fat mass while
cachexia is weight loss resulting in increase
in muscle and increase in fat mass

a. Sarcopenia is loss of muscle and strength
accompanied by increase in fat mass while
cachexia is weight loss resulting in both loss
in muscle and fat mass

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All of the following are criteria for frailty, except:
a. Unexpected weight loss
b. Isolated weakness
c. Decreased physical activity
d. Self reported exhaustion
e. None of these

b. Isolated weakness

SHOULD BE GENERALIZED WEAKNESS

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Which of the following is not a component of senile posture?
a. Forward head
b. Increased thoracic lordosis
c. Flattened lumbar curve
d. Hip and knee flexion
e. No exception

b. Increased thoracic lordosis

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A Bone mass density of -1.0 - -2.4 SD is classified as
a. Osteopenia
b. Osteoporosis
c. Normal
d. Severe osteoporosis

a. Osteopenia

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Which of the following femoral fractures in elderly is at risk for avascular necrosis
a. Femoral neck fractures
b. Intertrochanteric
c. Subtrochanteric
d. Femoral shaft fractures

a. Femoral neck fractures

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Which of the following is the treatment of choice for elderly who suffers from femoral neck fractures?
a. THA more than ORIF
b. ORIF more than THA
c. Both are treatment of choice
d. Neither are treatment of choice

a. THA more than ORIF

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What is the main cause of fractures among elderly
a. Failure of calcium absorption
b. Sports injuries
c. Falls
d. All of these

c. Falls

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True regarding OA in the elderly, except:
a. Decreased water or fluid content in the
cartilage that leads to joint immobilization
b. Most commonly involved are non-weight bearing joints
c. Joint replacements is at risk for loosening
d. Aerobic conditioning is part of the management
e. No exception

b. Most commonly involved are non-weight bearing joints

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The following are changes in gait, except:
a. Decreased speed
b. Decreased arm swing
c. Limited pelvic rotation
d. Decrease double limb support

d. Decrease double limb support

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The changing of natural hair color to a lighter one among elderly is due to:
a. Decreased collagen
b. Decreased melatonin
c. Decreased production of sweat
d. All of these
e. None of these

e. None of these

SHOULD BE MELANIN

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Which cardiovascular changes does not occur among elderly?
a. Decreased resting heart rate
b. Decreased arterial compliance
c. Decreased baroreceptor activity
d. None of these

a. Decreased resting heart rate

SHOULD BE DECREASED HRmax

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Which lung volumes change as a person reaches
elderly stage?
a. Residual volume and tidal volume
b. vital capacity and residual volume
c. Functional residual capacity and residual
volume
d. Vital capacity and Functional residual
capacity

c. Functional residual capacity and residual
volume

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Which pulmonary condition may result from
decreased coughing mechanism
a. Aspiration
b. Pneumonia
c. Tuberculosis
d. Both A and B

b. Pneumonia

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Decreased baroreceptor sensitivity may lead to ___.
a. Anemia
b. Hypertension
c. Orthostatic hypotension
d. Left ventricular hypertrophy

c. Orthostatic hypotension

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Which of the following may contribute for the
decrease appetite among elderly
a. Hypochloridria
b. Decrease gastric compliance
c. Decreased smell and taste
d. All of these

c. Decreased smell and taste

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Which of the following describes hypochlorydria?
a. Decrease stomach acid production from
bacterial overgrowth
b. Impaired nutrient absorption due to
overproduction of enzyme
c. Decrease gastric compliance due to loss of
smell
d. None of these

d. None of these

should be that will lead to bacterial growth

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia more commonly occurs with
a. Men over 60 years old
b. Men before 60 years old
c. Women beyond 60 years old
d. Women before 60 years old

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a. Men over 60 years old

The following signs and symptoms may lead to diabetes mellitus, except:
i. Polydipsia
ii. Polyphagia
iii. Polyuria
iv. Hyperglycemia
a. All of these
b. None of these
c. I, II, III
d. I and III
e. IV only

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b. None of these

True regarding type I Diabetes, except:
a. It is also known as juvenile diabetes
b. There is decrease in glucose tolerance due to increase sensitivity of tissues to the metabolic effects of insulin
c. insulin dependent type
d. is a chronic condition

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b. There is decrease in glucose tolerance due to increase sensitivity of tissues to the metabolic effects of insulin

should be decreased sensitivity

this type of DM is non-insulin dependent?
a. Dm type I
b. DM type II
c. DM type III
d. A and C

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b. DM type II

This term describes small drops of urine being ejected when the bladder could not empty efficiently a. Incontinence b. Hypochlorydria c. Dribbling d. Voiding

c. Dribbling

This condition may result from decline testosterone levels in men during elderly. a. Menopause b. Andropause c. Estrogenopause d. Testeropause

b. Andropause

All of the following is/are signs of hypothyroidism, except: i. More common among elderly ii. Weight gain iii. Weight loss iv. Angina and palpitations v. Psychomotor retardation a. I, II, IV b. III, IV, V c. III and IV d. I, II, and V e. No exception

c. III and IV

True regarding benign prostatic hyperplasia, except: a. Usually develops under hormonal and more frequently neoplastic influence b. Urine stream may be interrupt or weak c. Also known as benign prostatic hypertrophy or benign prostatic obstruction d. May lead to increased urgency for urinating

a. Usually develops under hormonal and more frequently neoplastic influence

All of the following are genitourinary changes among elderly, except: a. Decrease glomerular filtration rate b. Less capability to concentrate urine c. Development of incontinence secondary to detrusor over or underactivity d. Decrease renal flow and blood mass

d. Decrease renal flow and blood mass should be dec renal mass & blood flow

Hyponatremia and Hyperkalemia may sometimes occur among elderly due to ___. a. Increase sodium in the blood b. Inability to retain water in the blood stream c. Hormonal changes d. Prescription of various drugs

d. Prescription of various drugs

Which of the following describes Sundowning behavior a. Agitation during late afternoon b. Confusion during late afternoon c. Sleepiness during late afternoon d. Agitation during early morning

b. Confusion during late afternoon

All of the following are cognitive changes in elderly except: a. Decline in episodic memory b. Mildly impaired thermoregulation c. Decrease ability to learn new information d. Decrease processing speed of information e. No exception

b. Mildly impaired thermoregulation this is an autonomic change

Which memory might be stable in elderly patients? a. Episodic memory b. Semantic memory c. Procedural memory d. A and C e. B and C

e. B and C

A group of symptoms that affect patient’s daily function because of cognitive dysfunction, memory impairment mood, personality and behavior changes a. Dementia b. Delirium c. Hallucination d. Illusion

a. Dementia

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Delirium? a. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder b. Transient and usually reversible c. Causes disturbance in attention and awareness d. All are correct

a. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder it should be acute

Most common type of stroke among elderly a. Hemorrhagic b. Ischemic c. Stroke in evolution d. Brainstem stroke

b. Ischemic

This is due to stiffness of basilar membrane, distortion of perceived sound a. Presbycusis b. Presbyopia c. Conductive hearing loss d. Sensorineural hearing loss

c. Conductive hearing loss

This is prescribing new medications to treat symptoms that are as a result of an unrecognized adverse drug reactions of an existing therapy a. Polypharmacy b. Prescribing cascades c. Adverse drug reactions d. None of these

b. Prescribing cascades

The following are risk factors for falls, except: a. Psychoactive medications b. Poor functional status c. Gait dysfunction d. Previous falls e. None of these

e. None of these

Which is not a common adverse drug reaction? a. Dizziness b. Confusion c. Sedation d. Previous falls e. None of these

d. Previous falls

In cancer, the prevalence rate ____ with age a. Increase b. Declines c. Improves d. Worsen

a. Increase

The negative effects of disuse and immobilization include which of the following a. Loss of bone mass more in the lower extremity than in the upper extremity b. Loss of bone mass more in the upper extremity than in the lower extremity c. Increased bone loss d. Loss of abdominal mass

c. Increased bone loss

Which medication could increase the risk of osteoporosis a. NSAIDS b. Biphosponates c. Corticosteroids d. All of these

c. Corticosteroids

An elderly resident of a community nursing home is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s type of dementia. In formulating plan of care, it is important to understand that the pt: a. Can usually be trusted to be responsible for own daily care needs b. Is more likely to remember current experiences than past ones c. Can usually be trusted with transfers with appropriate positioning of wheelchair d. Will likely be resistant to activity training if unfamiliar activities are used

d. Will likely be resistant to activity training if unfamiliar activities are used

An elderly and frail older adult has low vision. The pt recently returned home from a 2-week hospitalization for stabilization of diabetes. The pt.’s goal is to mobilize the pt and increase ambulation level and safety. The best intervention strategy for this pt is to: a. Keep window shades wide open to let in as much light as possible b. Practice walking by having the pt look down at all times c. Color code stairs with pastel shades of blue and green to highlight steps d. Practice walking in areas of high illumination and low clutter

d. Practice walking in areas of high illumination and low clutter

As a great therapist you have advised your pt to do the ff to prevent falls except: a. Advised pt to maintain forward bending and exercising with trunk in flexion especially in combination with twisting b. Avoid long term bed rest c. Usage of proper shoes (thin soles) d. Suggestion of usage of cane or walker whenever necessary

a. Advised pt to maintain forward bending and exercising with trunk in flexion especially in combination with twisting

A 72 y.o pt. is walking on a treadmill in the therapy department while vital signs and pulse oximetry are being monitored. It is noted that the pt’s arterial oxygen saturation drops from 97-95%. In this case it would best to: a. Place a 100% O2 face mask on the pt for the remainder of exercise session b. Place a 40% O2 face mask on the pt for the remainder of exercise session c. Place 2L of O2 by nasal cannula on the pt for the remainder of exercise session d. Not use supplemental O2

d. Not use supplemental O2

An elderly person has lost significant functional vision over the past 4 years and complains of blurred vision and difficulty reading. The patient frequently mistakes images directly in front of her especially in bright light. When walking across a room the patient is able to locate items in the environment using peripheral vision when items are located to both sides. Based on these findings, the therapist suspects: a. Glaucoma b. Homonymous hemianopsia c. Cataracts d. Nyctalopsia

c. Cataracts

Progeria of Childhood a. Hutchinson’s Gilford syndrome b. Weber’s syndrome c. Werner’s syndrome d. None of these

a. Hutchinson’s Gilford syndrome

The physiologic decrease in vision as a result of aging: a. Presbyopia b. Presbycusis c. Astigmatism d. glaucoma

a. Presbyopia

GERIATRICS Flashcards

(50 cards)