GRAM (-) BACILLY

Question 1

Bordetella pertussis

Characteristics

Gram, shape, O2, motility

Answer 1

Gram (-)
Cocobacillus
Aerobic
Inmotile

Question 2

Bordetella pertussis

Transmission

Answer 2

Respiratory droplets

Question 3

Bordetella pertussis

Virulence factors

Answer 3

Pertussis toxin
Adenylate cyclase toxin
Tracheal cytoxin

Question 4

Bordetella pertussis

Pertussis toxin

Answer 4

Ribosylates Gi increasing cAMP
Disables chemokine receptors for lymphocytes leading to overabundance of WBC

Question 5

Bordetella pertussis

Adenylate cyclase toxin

Answer 5

Increases cAMP (edema factor)

Question 6

Bordetella pertussis

Tracheal toxin

Answer 6

Damages ciliated cells in respiratory ephitilium

Question 7

Bordetella pertussis

3 clinical stages

Answer 7

Catarrhal: low grade fevers,coryza (1-2 weeks)
Paroxysmal: whooping cough (2-8 weeks)
Convalescent: gradual recovery of chronic cough (100 days)

Question 8

Bordetella pertussis

Vaccine

Answer 8

Tdap, DTaP

Question 9

Bordetella pertussis

Treatment

Answer 9

Macrolides
If allergic use TM-SMX

Question 10

Haemophilus influenzae

Characteristics

Gram, shape

Answer 10

Gram (-)
Cocobacillus

Question 11

Haemophilus influenzae

Grows in

Answer 11

Chocolate agar

Factor 5 (Nicotinamide) and Factor 10 (hemodin)

Question 12

Haemophilus influenzae

Transmission

Answer 12

Aerosol

Question 13

Haemophilus influenzae

Disease

Answer 13

Epiglottitis
Meningitis
Otitis media
Pneumonia

Question 14

Haemophilus influenzae

Describe epiglottitis

Signs and symptoms, x-ray

Answer 14

Drooling, strider
“Cherry red” appearance
“Thumb sign” on lateral neck x-ray

Question 15

Haemophilus influenzae

Meningitis is causes only when ______

Answer 15

Type B capsule is present

Question 16

Haemophilus influenzae

In patients without spleen or sickel cell disease, it causes

Answer 16

Sepsis
Septic arthritis

Question 17

Haemophilus influenzae

Vaccine

Answer 17

Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid

2-18 months old

Question 18

Haemophilus influenzae

Treatment

Answer 18

Amoxicilin - clavulanate
Ceftriaxone
Rifampin for prophilaxys

Question 19

Legionella

Characteristics

Gram, shape, oxidase

Answer 19

Gram (-) poorly
Rod
Oxidase (+)

Question 20

Legionella

What do you need to use to visualize Legionella?

Answer 20

Silver stain

Question 21

Legionella

Grows in

Answer 21

Charcoal yeast extract medium with iron and cystine

Question 22

Legionella

Main virulence factor

Answer 22

Zinc melloprotease

Cytotoxic and inhibits PMN production, inhibitir superoxide reduction, deactivates IL-1 and TNF

Question 23

Legionella

Transmission

Answer 23

Aerosol

No person-to-person transmission

Question 24

Legionella

Disease

Answer 24

Pontiac fever
Legionnaire’s disease

Question 25

# Legionella Pontiac fever ## Footnote Clinic

Answer 25

Mild flulike symptoms ## Footnote Self limited

Question 26

# Legionella Leggionnaire's disease

Answer 26

Unilateral and lobar pneumonia Hyponatremia Diarrhea Neurologic symptoms High fever

Question 27

# Legionella Who is most at risk for Legionnaire's disease?

Answer 27

Smokers and eldery man

Question 28

# Legionella Treatment

Answer 28

Macrolides Fluoroquinolones