Head: External Skull

Question 1

Parts of the cranium (skull)

Answer 1

• Neurocranium

- Viscerocranium

Question 2

Calvaria (skullcap) formation

Answer 2

• Flat bones formed by intramembranous ossification

Question 3

Calvaria (skullcap) consists of

Answer 3

• Frontal, parietal, occipital bones

Question 4

Neurocranium components

Answer 4

• Calvaria (skullcap)

- Basicranium

Question 5

Basicranium formation

Answer 5

• Irregular bones formed by endochondral ossification (or both endochondral and intramembranous)

Question 6

Basicranium consists of

Answer 6

• Ethmoidal, sphenoidal, temporal bones

- Frontal and occipital bones also contributes to cranial base

Question 7

Viserocranium

Answer 7

• 15 bones that form the face
• 3 unpaired
• 6 paired
• Some contain paranasal sinuses

Question 8

3 unpaired bones of viserocranium

Answer 8

• Mandible
• Vomer
• Ethmoid

Question 9

6 paired bones of viserocranium

Answer 9

• Maxillae
• Inferior nasal conchae
• Zygomatic
• Palatine
• Nasal
• Lacrimal

Question 10

Viserocranium forms these structures

Answer 10

• Upper and lower jaw
• Orbit
• Nasal and oral cavities
• Hard palate

Question 11

Viserocranium is a supporting structure for

Answer 11

• Nasal cavity
• Orbit
• Oral cavity

Question 12

Sutures

Answer 12

• Fibrous joint that connect articulating bones of the skull
• Typically described as immovable
• Obliterate later in life (synostosis)

Question 13

Fontanelles

Answer 13

• Fibrous membranes in the neonate
• Separate calvaria bones
• Help facilitate head passage through birth canal
• Allow for brain growth

Question 14

Anterior Fontanelle

Answer 14

• Junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures
• Largest
• Future site of bregma
• Usually closed by 18 months

Question 15

Anterior Fontanelle clinical importance

Answer 15

• Hydration status

- Intracranial pressure

Question 16

Posterior Fontanelle

Answer 16

• Junction of sagittal and lambdoid sutures
• Future site of lambda
• Closes by 3rd month

Question 17

Sphenoid Fontanelle

Answer 17

• Closes ~ 6 months after birth

- Site of pterion

Question 18

Mastoid Fontanelle

Answer 18

• Closes ~ 12 months after

- Site of asterion

Question 19

Suture bones also called

Answer 19

• Wormian bones

Question 20

Diploë

Answer 20

• Cancellous bone of the skull

- Contains red marrow