Hemostasis

Question 1

1. What is the cause of thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis?
   Select one:
   a. decreased bile secretion
   b. direct effect of metabolic alterations on the bone marrow
   c. splenomegaly – hypersplenia
   d. hyperbilirubinemia
   e. malabsorption

Answer 1

C

Question 2

2. Vitamin K dependent coagulation factors:
Select one or more:
a. Stuart-Prower factor (X)
b. fibrinogen (I)
c. Christmas factor (IX)
d. prothrombin (II)

Answer 2

AC//D

Question 3

3. Which of the following statements is true regarding the regulation of platelet production?
   Select one:
   a. Hypoxemia is an important stimulus of platelet production.
   b. The stimulating hormone, thrombopoietin is produced in the bone marrow.
   c. No hormone is known to inhibit platelet production.
   d. The segmented nuclei of the megakaryocytes are incorporated in the platelets.
   e. Platelet production is decreased in inflammation.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

4. Direct interaction partner of thrombin, except:
Select one:
a. subendothelial smooth muscle cells
b. platelets
c. lymphocytes
d. monocytes
e. endothelial cells

Answer 4

A

Question 5

5. Surface receptor that plays a role in platelet activation:
Select one:
a. prostacyclin
2.719.0
b. histidine decarboxylase
c. thromboxane A2
d. glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
e. endocannabinoid

Answer 5

D

Question 6

6. Laboratory alteration suggesting deep vein thrombosis:
   Select one or more:
   a. decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
   b. decreased hemoglobin level
   c. decreased activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
   d. elevated plasma D-dimer level

Answer 6

D

Question 7

7. Acquired risk factor for deep vein thrombosis:
Select one or more:
a. dehydration
b. nephrotic syndrome
c. hypertension
d. obesity

Answer 7

A/B/D

Question 8

8. Endothelial cells synthesize:
Select one:
a. prostaglandin E2
b. serotonin
c. protein C
d. von Willebrand factor
e. elastase

Answer 8

D

Question 9

9. Thrombocytopenia can occur, except in:
Select one:
a. acute leukemia
b. in autoimmune disease
c. following massive transfusion
d. acute inflammation
e. in measles infection

Answer 9

D

Question 10

9. Thrombocytopenia can occur, except in:
Select one:
a. acute leukemia
b. in autoimmune disease
c. following massive transfusion
d. acute inflammation
e. in measles infection

Answer 10

A

Question 11

10. Coagulation factors with serine protease activity:
Select one or more:
a. Stuart-Prower factor (X)
b. fibrin stabilizing factor (XIII)
c. anti-hemophilic factor (VIII)
d. von Willebrand factor

Answer 11

E

Question 12

11. Its concentration increases in inflammation:
Select one:
a. protein C
b. factor X (Stuart-Prower)
c. thrombomodulin
d. factor II (prothrombin)
e. factor VIII (anti-hemophilic)

Answer 12

E

Question 13

12. Laboratory alterations in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC):
    Select one or more:
    a. decreased activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
    b. prolonged thrombin time (TT)
    c. elevated D-dimer level
    d. decreased fibrinogen level

Answer 13

B/C/D

Question 14

12. Laboratory alterations in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC):
    Select one or more:
    a. decreased activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
    b. prolonged thrombin time (TT)
    c. elevated D-dimer level
    d. decreased fibrinogen level

Answer 14

C

Question 15

15. Vitamin K dependent coagulation factor, except:
Select one:
a. factor VIII (anti-hemophilic)
b. factor II (prothrombin)
c. factor X (Stuart-Prower)
d. factor IX (Christmas)
e. factor VII (proconvertin)

Answer 15

A

Question 16

16. Characteristics in hemophilia type B:
Select one or more:
a. deficiency of factor VIII
b. bleedings in joints and muscles
c. deficiency of factor IX
d. autosomal recessive inheritance

Answer 16

B/D

Question 17

15. Vitamin K dependent coagulation factor, except:
Select one:
a. factor VIII (anti-hemophilic)
b. factor II (prothrombin)
c. factor X (Stuart-Prower)
d. factor IX (Christmas)
e. factor VII (proconvertin)

Answer 17

A

Question 18

16. Characteristics in hemophilia type B:
Select one or more:
a. deficiency of factor VIII
b. bleedings in joints and muscles
c. deficiency of factor IX
d. autosomal recessive inheritance

Answer 18

B/C

Question 19

17. Mechanism of bleeding of vascular origin, except:
Select one:
a. amyloidosis
b. hypertension
c. immuncomplex deposition
d. connective tissue atrophy
e. altered TGF-β signaling

Answer 19

B

Question 20

18. Anticoagulation mechanisms/factors:
Select one or more:
a. prostacyclin
b. antithrombin III
c. protein S
d. heparin cofactor type II

Answer 20

A/B/C/D

Question 21

19. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is characterized by:
    Select one or more:
    a. ADAMTS13 deficiency
    b. increased platelet aggregation
    c. von Willebrand factor protein of ultra large size
    d. renal failure

Answer 21

A/B/C

Question 22

20. Anticoagulation mechanisms/factors:
Select one or more:
a. protein C
b. thrombomodulin
c. thromboxane A2
d. dilution

Answer 22

A/B/D

Question 23

21. Characteristics in hemophilia type A:
Select one or more:
a. deficiency of factor VIII
b. mucous membrane and skin bleedings
c. males are affected
d. deficiency of factor IX

Answer 23

A/B/C

Question 24

22. Their concentration increases in inflammation:
Select one or more:
a. anti-hemophilic factor (VIII)
b. fibrinogen (I)
c. prothrombin (II)
d. free fatty acids

Answer 24

A/B

Question 25

23. Major therapeutic methods in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): Select one or more: a. anti-thrombotic treatment b. raising of the blood pressure c. supplementation of coagulation factors d. vitamin K supplementation

Answer 25

A/C

Question 26

24. Laboratory alterations in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): Select one or more: a. decreased platelet number b. elevated fibrinogen level c. decreased hemoglobin level d. prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT

Answer 26

A/D

Question 27

``` 25. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be caused by the following, except: Select one: a. septic abortion b. polytraumatic state c. acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) d. pancreatitis e. hypertension crisis ```

Answer 27

E

Question 28

26. Platelet production can be inhibited by: Select one: a. vitamin B12 deficiency b. all answers are correct c. chemotherapy d. bone marrow manifestation of malignant disease e. measles virus infection

Answer 28

B

Question 29

26. Platelet production can be inhibited by: Select one: a. vitamin B12 deficiency b. all answers are correct c. chemotherapy d. bone marrow manifestation of malignant disease e. measles virus infection

Answer 29

B

Question 30

27. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by: Select one: a. it is associated with vitamin K deficiency b. decreased platelet aggregation c. it is more common in females than males d. decreased platelet release reaction e. bleedings into the joints

Answer 30

C

Question 31

28. Major indications of routine laboratory coagulation testing: Select one or more: a. bleeding tendency in a genetically related family member b. skin bleeding c. preparation for surgery d. long term febrile states

Answer 31

A/B/C

Question 32

29. Which of the following statements are true regarding antithrombin III deficiency: Select one or more: a. An important anticoagulant mechanism is missing. b. Direct thrombin inhibition is altered. c. It is more common than the Leiden mutation. d. Its main manifestation is deep vein thrombosis.

Answer 32

A/B/D

Question 33

30. Typical laboratory results in vitamin K antagonist treatment: Select one or more: a. normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) b. normal prothrombin time (PT) c. normal platelet count d. prolonged thrombin time (TT)

Answer 33

C

Question 34

``` 31. Acquired coagulation factor deficiency can occur: Select one or more: a. in chronic pancreatitis b. in liver cirrhosis c. in diabetes mellitus type I d. in heart valve insufficiency ```

Answer 34

B

Question 35

``` 32. Acquired risk factors for deep vein thrombosis: Select one or more: a. sustained immobilization b. overdose of vitamin K c. asthma bronchiale d. malignant disease ```

Answer 35

A/D

Question 36

33. Potential mechanism of bleedings due to vascular alterations, except: Select one: a. mechanical injury b. inflammation affecting the small vessels c. weakening of the vessel wall connective tissue d. immuncomplex deposition e. atherosclerosis

Answer 36

E

Question 37

34. Bleeding due to coagulation factor deficiency is characterized: Select one: a. First manifestation may be gingival bleeding. b. Its prevalence is the same in both genders. c. Frequent association with skin bleeding. d. Deeper localization, in the joints. e. It is more common in women.

Answer 37

D

Question 38

``` 35. Interaction partner of thrombin: Select one: a. lymphocytes b. monocytes c. fibrinogen d. platelets e. all the answers are correct ```

Answer 38

E

Question 39

36. Streptokinase affects: Select one: a. kallikrein activation b. thrombin inactivation c. enhancement of antithrombin III effect d. conversion of plasminogen to plasmin e. inhibition of fibrinogen binding of thrombin

Answer 39

D

Question 40

36. Streptokinase affects: Select one: a. kallikrein activation b. thrombin inactivation c. enhancement of antithrombin III effect d. conversion of plasminogen to plasmin e. inhibition of fibrinogen binding of thrombin

Answer 40

D