1
Q
1. Characteristic findings in subclinical hyperthyroidism, except: Select one: a. normal Se FT3 b. anti-TPO Ab is not typical c. normal Se FT4 d. Se FT4 ↓ and normal FT3 e. Se TSH ↓
A
d
2
Q
2. Increased radioactive iodine intake in thyroid gland: Select one or more: a. iodine deficiency b. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis c. toxic adenoma d. thyrotoxicosis factitia
A
a/c
3
Q
3. How much of the circulating T4 is free? Select one: a. 5-10 % b. 20-50 % c. 0.01-0.05% d. 1-3 % e. 0.1-0.3 %
A
c
4
Q
5. Thyroid nodule is rather benign, if: 19 Pathophysiology 1 MCQs - Team effort Select one or more: a. thyroid scintigraphy shows a cold nodule b. thyroid antibody titer is elevated c. develops in young men d. it is soft to touch
A
d
5
Q
6. Possible cause of hyperthyroidism, except: Select one: a. iodine deficiency b. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis c. struma ovarii d. thyrotoxicosis factitia e. Sub acute thyroiditis
A
a
6
Q
7. Incidence of hypothyroidism in the population: Select one: a. 20-30% b. 0.1-0.5 % c. 30-40 % d. 3-5 % e. 10-20 %
A
d
7
Q
8. Clinical signs of hypothyroidism: Select one or more: a. pretibial myxedema b. anemia c. hypertriglyceridemia d. Carotinoderma
A
b/c/d
8
Q
9. The most common causes of euthyroid goiter: Select one or more: a. subacute thyroiditis 20 Pathophysiology 1 MCQs - Team effort b. Plummer’s disease c. congenital T4 receptor deficiency d. struma ovarii
A
a/c
9
Q
10. High risk groups for hypothyroidism: Select one or more: a. women b. type 1 DM c. age between 45-65 d. patients with Graves-Basedow disease or postpartum thyroidal dysfunction in the anamnesis
A
a/b/c/d
10
Q
- True statements for subacute thyroiditis:
Select one or more:
a. RAIU increased
b. symptoms include fever and thyroid tenderness
c. it is probably due to a viral infection
d. always causes hypothyroidism
A
b/c
11
Q
12. Observations in iodine deficiency: Select one: a. RAIU ↓ b. Se FT4 ↓, and FT3 ↑ c. Se TSH ↓ d. Se FT4 ↑ and FT3 ↑ e. Se FT4 ↑ and FT3
A
b
12
Q
13. Possible causes of euthyroid goiter: Select one or more: a. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis b. Graves-Basedow disease c. iodine deficiency d. subacute thyroiditis
A
a/c/d
13
Q
- Possible cause of primary hypothyroidism:
Select one or more:
a. irradiation (radioactive iodine therapy of hyperthyroidism)
b. lithium therapy
c. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
d. Plummer’s disease
A
a/b/c
14
Q
15. Possible cause of euthyroid goiter, except: Select one: a. subacute thyroiditis b. iodine deficiency c. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis d. excessive consumption of brassica e. Graves-Basedow disease
A
e
15
Q
- False statement for subacute thyroiditis:
Select one:
a.fever, pain
b. absence of anti-thyroidal antibodies
c. viral infection is involved in the etiology
d. increased RAIU
e. enlargement of thyroid gland
A
d
16
Q
17. Clinical signs of hypothyroidism, except: Select one: a. carotinoderma b. tachycardia c. myxedema d. constipation e. Anemia
A
b
17
Q
18. Approximate weight of the thyroid gland: 22 Pathophysiology 1 MCQs - Team effort Select one: a. 100-150 g b. 25-30 g c. 250-300 g d. 25-30 mg e. 1-3 g
A
b
18
Q
- Characteristic findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, except:
Select one:
a. hyperthyroidism is observed usually at the beginning of the disease
b. enlarged multinodular goiter
c. histologically lymphocytic/plasmacytic infiltration in the thyroid gland
d. genetically transmitted
e. more common in women
A
b
19
Q
- True statement for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis:
Select one or more:
a. often occurs together with type 1 DM
b. anti-Tg Ab usually negative
c. anti-TPO Ab often increased significantly
d. patients usually have painless goiter
A
a/c/d
20
Q
21.Typical clinical findings in Graves-Besedow disease: Select one or more: a. fatigue b. euthyreoid goiter c. HLA-B8 and DR3 association d. Atrial fibrillation
A
a/c/d
21
Q
22. Possible cause of hyperthyroidism: Select one or more: a. subacute thyroiditis b. struma ovarii c. toxic uninodular or multinodular goiter d. toxic diffuse goiter
A
a/b/c/d
22
Q
23. Which parameter is not altered in Graves-Basedow’s disease? Select one: a. thyroglobulin (Tg) b. Se FT4 c. anti-TPO Ab d. anti-TR Ab e. RAIU
A
a
23
Q
24. Possible cause of hypothyroidism, except: Select one: a. increased iodine uptake b. iodine deficiency c. subacute thyroiditis d. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis e. Graves-Basedow disease
A
e
24
Q
25. Effects of TSH, except: Select one: a. increases the mass of thyroid gland b. potentiate the release of TRH c. increases the vascularization of thyroid gland d. increases iodine uptake e. increases the synthesis of T4/T3
A
b
25
```
26. Characteristic findings in toxic adenoma (Plummer’s disease), except:
Select one:
a. more frequent in women
b. exophthalmus
c. hyperthyroidism
d. Se TSH ↓
e. Goiter
```
b/c/d
26
```
27. Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism:
Select one or more:
a. abnormal menstrual cycles
b. bradycardia
c. von Graefe’s sign
d. hoarseness
```
a/c/d
27
28. Effects of TSH:
Select one or more:
a. increase the size of thyroid gland
b. reduces the vascularization of thyroid gland
c. increase the synthesis and release of T4 / T3 via Ca2+-intracellular signaling
d. enhance iodine uptake
a/d
28
29. False statements for postpartum thyroiditis:
a. may cause hyper- or hypothyroidism, as well
b. the presence of anti-TPO Ab and/or anti-TG Ab indicate the development of permanent hypothyroidism.
c. a type of Hashimoto's thyroiditis that develops in pregnancy.
d. lymphocytic thyroiditis.
e. observed following pregnancy.
c
29
```
30. Clinical signs of hypermyroidism:
Select one or more:
a. hoarseness
b. abnormal menstrual cycles
c. bradycardia
d. von Graefe's sign
```
a/b/d
pathophys
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