Lecture 17

Question 1

What mountain range does the Frontenac Axis connect to the Canadian Shield?

Answer 1

Adirondack Mountains in NY

Question 2

Giant Swallowtail

Answer 2

• Butterfly species; largest in Canada
• larvae eat prickly ash; eggs are only laid there
• expanded northward from NY (climate change)

Question 3

What two colours of fur can Gray Squirrels have? Where is each one more common and why?

Answer 3

• Black/north
• Gray/south
• provides an advantage thermodynamically

Question 4

How do Eastern Cottontails differ from Snowshoe Hares?

Answer 4

• Smaller hind feet

- Shorter tail

Question 5

T/F: Eastern Cottontails are limited to the Frontenac Axis

Answer 5

F: they can be found in Ottawa too!

Question 6

How did Eastern Coyotes become larger + more wolf-like in appearance?

Answer 6

Mated with wolves - humans had destroyed wolf habitats, so those populations moved

Question 7

The Frontenac Axis has more Carolinian species than any part of the GLSL on the _____ ____

Answer 7

Canadian Shield

Question 8

Why does the Frontenac Axis have more Carolinian species than any other part of the GLSL on the Canadian Shield?

Answer 8

It’s the warmest part of the GLSL on the Canadian Shield, because:

• Most southern
• Lower elevation
• Weak lake effect from St. Lawrence + Lake Ontario

Question 9

Yellow-throated Vireo

Answer 9

• Gleaner

- Slow-moving

Question 10

Cerulean Warbler

Answer 10

• Lives in deciduous forest in Frontenac Axis
• Frontenac Axis has the highest population of this bird in N. America
• Threatened species

Question 11

Why is the red-bellied woodpecker moving northwards?

Is it a cavity adopter?

Answer 11

• Climate change

- Yes

Question 12

Eastern Screech Owl characteristics + location

Answer 12

• Small owl
• Cavity adopter
• Rare north of the Frontenac Axis

Question 13

Five-lined Skink

Answer 13

• Only lizard found around the Frontenac Axis, off the Shield (check this)
• Tail detaches from body to distract predators

Question 14

Gray Rat Snake

Answer 14

• Tree-climbing snake
• Cloudy eyes indicate it’s going to shed its skin
• Small keels(?) on scales for grip
• Threatened in Frontenac Axis, endangered in Carolinian

Question 15

Deerberry

Answer 15

• Type of blueberry

- At risk; found in a few places in the Frontenac Axis

Question 16

Pitch Pine

Answer 16

• pine tree with large cones
• benefit from fire, but isn’t dependent on it
• needles in clusters of 3
• confined to Frontenac Axis
• bark appears in plates

Question 17

Why can calciphilic ferns grow in the Frontenac Axis?

Answer 17

Marble/crystalline limestone provide calcium

Question 18

What does the A2A group do?

Answer 18

Try to maintain the forest between Algonquin and Adirondack

Question 19

Name one animal that came to ON via the “corridor” formed by the Frontenac Axis.

Answer 19

Fisher

Question 20

How does Lake Superior help differentiate the Superior GLSL from the Boreal Forest?

Answer 20

• Cooler summer

- White/red pine, deciduous trees (sugar maple, yellow birch)

Question 21

What physiographic region is the Superior GLSL located on?

Answer 21

Canadian Shield

Question 22

Where in Lake Superior Prov. Park can you find pictographs?

Answer 22

Agawa Bay

Question 23

Name a subarctic disjunct found in the Superior BF and Superior GLSL.

Answer 23

Butterwort

Question 24

T/F: volcanic rocks are a source of calcium in the Superior GLSL

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Name a group of fish-eating birds found in the GLSL, due to the abundance of fish in Lake Superior

Answer 25

Mergansers

Question 26

Western/Prairie GLSL characteristics (3)

Answer 26

- Influenced by prairie winds - warmer - Flat land (due to deposits from Lake Agassiz, glaciers) - on Canadian Shield

Question 27

Rainy River/Lake of the Woods

Answer 27

- Found in western part of Prairie GLSL | - Lots of fish-eating birds (ospreys, double-breasted cormorants)

Question 28

Why is there calcium in the Prairie GLSL?

Answer 28

Metamorphosed limestone

Question 29

T/F: the rocks in the Prairie GLSL are young (and what evidence is there?)

Answer 29

F: intrusions on rocks say otherwise

Question 30

Forest in Prairie GLSL

Answer 30

- Trembling Aspen - White/red pine - Hill's Oak (only found in Prairie Boreal)

Question 31

Prairie Species in the Prairie GLSL (common near Lake of the Woods)

Answer 31

- Indian Paintbrush - Marbled Godwit - Black-Billed Magpie - Western Meadowlark - Sharp-tailed Grouse

Question 32

T/F: Sandhill cranes are only found in the Prairie GLSL

Answer 32

F: found throughout ON

Question 33

List these animals from smallest to largest. Which one is confined to the Prairie GLSL? - Cottontail - Snowshoe hare - White-tailed jackrabbit

Answer 33

Cottontail < hare < jackrabbit; latter confined to Prairie GLSL

Question 34

What is a fossorial animal (+ 4 examples)?

Answer 34

Burrows underground - Groundhogs - Prairie dogs - Franklin's ground squirrel - Badgers

Question 35

T/F: Badgers can be found near Lake of the Woods

Answer 35

True