Lecture 2 Notes (Part 4)

Question 1

What are 4 physical and chemical factors regarding the concept of ecological niches?

Answer 1

1. Temp
2. Humidity
3. Salinity
4. O2 concentration

Question 2

What are 3 biological factors regarding the concept of ecological niches?

Answer 2

1. Syntrophism
2. Amensalism
3. Competition

Question 3

What drives the formation of communities?

Answer 3

Population of plants and animals or microorganisms are found in nature in environments that are suitable for their growth and reproductive success
- population success

Question 4

What happens to light and is goes down the water gradient?

Answer 4

It decreases

Question 5

What is the result of light extinction? (3)

Answer 5

1. It creates different masses of water
2. Different temps
3. Much reduced diffusion between layers

Question 6

What are 4 examples of abiotic factors?

Answer 6

1. Light
2. Temp
3. O2
4. Salinity

Question 7

Abiotic factors

Answer 7

A nonliving condition or thing, as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it

Question 8

What are 3 examples of biotic factors?

Answer 8

1. Syntrophy
2. Competition
3. Amensalism

Question 9

Biotic factors

Answer 9

Is any living component that affects the population of another organism, or the environment

Question 10

What 2 things contribute to spatial and temporal succession?

Answer 10

Biotic and abiotic factors

Question 11

What creates strong vertical gradients?

Answer 11

Diffusion of dissolved gases and solutes

Question 12

What creates strong horizontal gradients?

Answer 12

Salinity

Question 13

As time goes on and diversity increases, what happens to the biomass?

Answer 13

Decreases

Question 14

What are 4 ways to support a community?

Answer 14

1. Need energy for individual organisms
2. Need nutrients
3. Need to be adapted to the climate and environmental conditions
4. Need other organisms directly or indirectly as food or source of food

Question 15

Ecosystem

Answer 15

A community and its environment treated together as a functional system of complimentary relationship and transfer and circulation of energy and matter

Question 16

Who first define an ecosystem and what was the definition?

Answer 16

1. Arthur Tansley, 1935

2. Smallest unit of ecology

Question 17

What are 3 things how mechanisms explain success?

Answer 17

1. Competition for substrate
2. Amensalism following the production of H2S or N oxides
3. Syntrophism related to the production of methanogenesis precursors