3 types of research questions
-descriptive
-predictive
-causal
descriptive research questions
summarizing, describing, visualizing
-data driven
-what happened?
predictive research questions
pattern recognition/foreshadowing
-data driven
-what will happen?
causal research questions
understanding
-NOT data driven
-what will happen IF…?
KNOW
PICO process
- clinical scenario
- define PICO components
- develop PICO question
- develop search strategy
- conduct search
- explore search results
- summarize pICO (for each individual article)
2 types of clinical questions
-background questions
-foreground questions
background questions
seeking general knowledge
foreground questions
seeking specific knowledge
-PICO structure is designed for this
PICO structure is designed for background or foreground questions
foreground questions
PICO components
P- person, problem, population
I- issue, intervention
C- comparison (do not always need)
O- outcome
PICO components- P
person, problem, population
-age, gender, diagnosis, severity
PICO components- I
issue, intervention
-diagnostic test, clinical measure, prognostic factor/risks, outcome/consequence
PICO components- C
comparison
-do not always need
-second form of “I”
PICO components- O
outcome
-what clinician/patient hopes to achieve
-pain, function, return to work, QOL, etc.
boolean operators
-or
-and
-*
boolean operators- OR
unions -> BROADEN search
boolean operators- AND
intersections -> NARROW search
boolean operators- *
midcard symbol -> further letters can be added to word
