Lecture 32

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

all of the species that interact with each other in a particular area

Question 2

Mutualism

Answer 2

both parties benefit

Question 3

Consumption

Answer 3

one species benefits at a cost to another species

-one species eats another

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

parasite benefits at the expense of the host

Question 5

Commensalism

Answer 5

relationship between species where one benefits and the other neither benefits or is harmed

Question 6

Competition

Answer 6

competing for resources

Question 7

Limiting Resources

Answer 7

food, water, shelter, nutrients, light, nesting sites etc

Question 8

Law of the Minimum

Answer 8

of all possible resources, one will limit the population

Question 9

Intraspecific Competition

Answer 9

competition within species

Question 10

Interspecific Competition

Answer 10

competition between species

Question 11

Ecological Niche

Answer 11

total ecological resource requirement of a species

Question 12

Principle of Competitive Exclusion

Answer 12

in a stable environment, no two species can occupy the same niche indefinitely

Question 13

3 Outcomes of having the same niche

Answer 13

1. one species will be extirpated (local extinction)
2. Species divide resources to occupy separate niches
3. Species rapidly evolve to occupy different niches

Question 14

3 Predation Pressures

Answer 14

1. protective shelters from predators become limiting
2. Predator/prey ration may increase with increased prey density
3. Predator performance can increase with practice

Question 15

Example of Disease and Parasitism

Answer 15

• lungworm in rocky mountain bighorn sheep
• eggs are ingested when eating grass, and then more eggs are produced in the lungs
• cough out eggs onto grass
• re-infection is common which can be fatal

Question 16

Group Living

Answer 16

more people watch out for predators so not everyone has to be cautious all the time, more eyes

Question 17

Crypsis

Answer 17

matching your background so predators can’t see you