Cancers secondaires avec les agents alkylants et platines
SMD et LMA
Latence 5-10 ans
Quel chimio donne des cancers secondaires avec courte période de latence
Inhibiteurs topoisomérase 2 = etoposide
Courte période latence : 2-5 ans
Less often preceded by a MDS phase, and may be associated with balanced recurrent chromosomal translocations (vs alkylants)
Décompte de GB avec indication de leucaphérèse ?
Pour les AML vs ALL
Pour les CML vs CLL
Pour les APL
AML : sx > 50 asx > 100
ALL : sx > 150 asx > 300
CML: sx > 150 asx no
CLL: sx > 500 asx no
APL jamais car peut aggraver coagulopathie
LMA peu importe le nombre de blastes ? Nommer 4.
Définition d’un caryotype complexe en LMA
Three or more unrelated chromosome abN in the absence of 1 of the WHO desiganted recurring translocations or inversions
Translocation retrouvée en APL ?
T 15;17 (q22;q12-21)
Risque favorable en LMA : en nommer 5
aussi t 15;17 en APL
Risque intermédiaire en LMA : en nommer 4
Risk category LMA : t(8;21) RUNX1-RUNX1T1
Favorable
Risk category LMA : mutated NPM1 without FLT3 ITD or with FLT3 ITD low
Favorable
Risk category LMA :biallelic mutated CEBPA
Favorable
Risk category LMA: mutated NMP1 and FLT3-ITD high
Intermediate
Risk category LMA : wild type NMP1 without FLT3-ITD or with FLT3-ITDlow
Intermediate
Risk category LMA : t(9;11) ; MLLT3-KMT2A
Intermediate
Risk category LMA : wild type NMP1 and FLT3 ITD high
Adverse
Mutated NMP1 and FLT3 ITD high = intermediate
Wild type NMP1 without FLT3 ITD/low = intermediate
Mutated NMP1 without FLT3 ITD /low = favorable
Risk category LMA : mutated RUNX1
adverse
should not be used as an adverse pronostic marker if they co occur with favorable risk AML subtypes
Risk category LMA : mutated ASXL1
adverse
should not be used as an adverse pronostic marker if they co occur with favorable risk AML subtypes
Quelles sont les 8 mutations à rechercher en biologie moléculaire en LMA
LMA: mutation FLT3 ITD : pronostic ?
Unfavorable prognosis particularly when present at high allelic ratio
Que signifie FLT3-ITD low ?
Low indicated low allelic ratio (<0.5)
High indicated high allelic ratio (≥ 0.5)
A quoi correspond le tx 7+3 ?
Cytarabine 100-200 mg/m2/day continuous infusion (but s/c twice a day equally effective) J1-7
Idarubicin 12mg/m2/day or daunorubicin 60mg/m2 J1-3
Probabilility of CR with a 7+3 in LMA ?
70-80% in < 60y
40-60% in > 60y
When should you repeat induction in LMA ?
Patients < 60y who have significant residual disease without a hypocellular marrow on day 14 (nadir) should receive reinduction chemotherapy, either repeating 7+3 or using intensive, high dose ARAC (HIDAC)
Caryotype face à un agent alkylant vs topoisomerase II inhibitor ?
Alkylant : monosomal karyotype including -5/-7/-13
Topoisomerase II inhb : MLL/KMT2A rearrangements