Lipids

Question 1

Fatty acids

Answer 1

long hydrocarbon chain and a carb acid group
saturated= single bonds, unsaturated= double bonds (creates a kink. trans for more favourable because is straight)

Question 2

Phospholipids

Answer 2

fatty acid and glycerol
ester bond and phosphdiester head
more chanis added, the less polar it becomes

Question 3

Sphingolipids

Answer 3

linked by sphingosphine
have specific roles (signalling etc)

Question 4

Steroids

Answer 4

have a fixed shape due to cyclisation
Control membrane fluidity

Question 5

Membrane lipids

Answer 5

phosphatidycholine (most abundant in mem)
polar H phillic heads
non polar H phobic tails

Question 6

Bilayer movement

Answer 6

1. Lateral diffusion
2. Flip flopping up to down
3. flexion and rotation

Question 7

fluidity importance

Answer 7

1. Allows membrane to fuse
2. allows even distribution of membrane molecules
3. processes such as excesytosis, mem. trafficking & synthesis.

Question 8

How to decrease fluidity?

Answer 8

increase cholesterol
increase chain length
increase unsaturation