Malware

Question 1

Malware

Answer 1

Malware → Malicious software designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to systems; different types often work together. Prevented using updated antivirus, patched operating systems, strong access controls, user training, and good backups.

Question 2

Viruses

Answer 2

Viruses → Malware that attaches to legitimate files or programs and spreads when the infected file is executed by the user.

Question 3

Worms

Answer 3

Worms → Self-replicating malware that spreads automatically across networks without user interaction, making them more dangerous than viruses.

Question 4

Ransomware

Answer 4

Ransomware → Malware that encrypts data and demands payment (a ransom) for the decryption key, often spreading through phishing or exploited vulnerabilities.

Question 5

Trojan Horse

Answer 5

Trojan Horse → Malware disguised as legitimate software; once installed, it provides unauthorized access, downloads more malware, or steals data.

Question 6

Rootkit

Answer 6

Rootkit → Malware that hides itself deep inside the operating system to avoid detection, often modifying system files or drivers.

Question 7

Keylogger

Answer 7

Keylogger → Malware that records keystrokes to capture sensitive information such as passwords, messages, or credit card numbers.

Question 8

Adware

Answer 8

Adware → Software that displays unwanted advertisements or tracks browsing behavior, sometimes bundled with other applications.

Question 9

Spyware

Answer 9

Spyware → Malware that secretly collects information about a user’s activities, browsing, or files, and sends it to an attacker.

Question 10

Bloatware

Answer 10

Bloatware → Unwanted or unnecessary preinstalled software that consumes system resources and may pose security risks.

Question 11

Logic Bombs

Answer 11

Logic Bombs → Malicious code hidden inside legitimate programs that activates when specific conditions are met, such as a date or a user action.