in the milgram experiment, when was disobedience by the participants most likely?
at 150V, when fake participants first requested to be released
why do we believe that participants just started stopping at 150V?
bc the previous voltages differed fairly little from each other
it was only when the learner spoke up that participants consciously realized that they were causing someone pain
when were people less compliant?
when participants were required to shock the learners themselves
what is the core of the obedience paradigm?
the conflict between the instructions and the learners’ experience
what is one factor that may have contribted to the tendency to defer to the authority figure?
the ambiguity in the experimental context
what happened when participants did follow orders at 150V?
they were less likely to stop later
–> likely due to cognitive dissonance or foot-in-the-door phenomena, as well as desensitization
what can we conclude about disobedience?
it is systematic