Rubella

Question 1

What family of virus is this deck about?

Answer 1

Togaviridae

Question 2

What two viruses are included in the Togaviridae family

Answer 2

1. Rubella(German Measles)

2. Alphavirus

Question 3

Genome of Rubella

Answer 3

• positive
• single stranded
• RNA
• 1segment

Question 4

Capsid shape of Rubella

Answer 4

Icosahedral

Question 5

Is it enveloped?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Inactivated by what?

Answer 6

• chemical agents
• UV
• Low pH
• heat

Question 7

Replication process for Rubella

Answer 7

-positive RNA so immediately binds to ribosome

Question 8

How is the mRNA of rubella translated

Answer 8

• 2/3 genome is translated into one polypeptide protein
• polypeptide protein cleaved into 4
• protease and RNA dependent RNA polymerase
• 1/3 genome into capsid, envelope

Question 9

Risk to pregnant woman

Answer 9

• pregnant women: fetal death or congenital defects

- congenital rubella syndrome

Question 10

Transmission of Rubella

Answer 10

-person to person via droplets from respiratory tract

Question 11

Incubation period of Rubella

Answer 11

14 to 21 days

Question 12

Symptoms of Rubella in children

Answer 12

• rash, low fever, mild conjunctivitis
• rash on face, neck then body for 1-3 days
• swollen lymph nodes behind ears and in neck

Question 13

Additional symptoms of Rubella typically in adults

Answer 13

• arthritis
• painful joints
• 3 to 10 days

Question 14

Description of congenital rubella syndrome

Answer 14

• hearing impairments
• eye and heart defects
• autism, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction

Question 15

Most common complications from congenital rubella syndrome

Answer 15

1. hearing loss
2. congenital heart disease including PDA
3. ocular abnormalities ie cataracts
4. Microencephaly

Question 16

Reservoir of rubella

Answer 16

Only humans

Question 17

Location of infection by the rubella virus

Answer 17

1. nasopharynx and lungs
   followed by
2. lymph nodes and monocyte macrophage system

Question 18

Antibodies can prevent which symptoms of rubella

Answer 18

1. primary viremia
2. secondary viremia
3. transmission to fetus

Question 19

Epidemiology of Rubella

Answer 19

• eliminated within the United States

- endemic in parts of the world

Question 20

Diagnosis of Rubella

Answer 20

• titres of antibody IgG

- rebulla specific IgM + rash confirms diagnosis =

Question 21

Control for Rubella

Answer 21

• MMR vaccine(measles, mumps, rubella)

- MMRV vaccine(adds varicella)

Question 22

Does Rubella have viremia

Answer 22

Yes