SECTION 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)

1
Q

Who is the Learner in Health Education?

A

Students in MLS are often academically driven, detail-oriented, and motivated by a desire to help others.

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2
Q

Students in MLS are often academically driven, detail-oriented, and motivated by a desire to help others. However, they also experience:

A

Stress and anxiety due to workload

Diverse socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds

Varying degrees of faith maturity

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3
Q

This is the process of gaining knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, being taught, or experiencing something.

A

Learning

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4
Q

“A persisting change in human performance or performance potential … (brought) about as a result of the _____”

Who said this?

A

learner’s interaction with the environment

(Driscoll, 1994)

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5
Q

“The relatively permanent change in a person’s knowledge or behavior due to ____”

Who said this?

A

(Mayer, 1982)

experience

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6
Q

An enduring change in behavior, or in the capacity to behave in a given fashion, which results from ______”

Who said this?

A

practice or other forms of experience

(Shuell, 1986)

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7
Q

They must understand the learner’s context to design meaningful and transformative learning experiences.

A

Educators

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8
Q

What are the LEARNING THEORIES? (4)

A
  1. Social Conditioning
  2. Classical Conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning)
  3. Operant Conditioning
  4. Social Conditioning (Observational conditioning)
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9
Q

This is a type of learning that occurs when a behavior is observed and subsequently observed and subsequently mimicked. “It takes a village to raise a child”

A

Social Conditioning

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10
Q

This is a reflexive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus.

A

Classical conditioning (Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning)

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11
Q

This is described as a process that attempts to modify behavior through the use of positive and negative reinforcement. Through operant conditioning, an individual makes an association between a particular behavior and a consequence.

A

Operant conditioning (instrumental conditioning)

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12
Q

In this theory, people can learn new information and behaviors by watching other people.

A

Social conditioning (observational conditioning)

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13
Q

THE “HOWS” of TEACHING

A

a. Strategies

b. Approach

c. Method

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14
Q

Originally a military term, ____ refers to planning and directing actions to achieve victory. In ____, it means the overall plan teachers use to achieve learning objectives in the classroom.

A

strategy

education

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15
Q

A _____ is a broad, goal-oriented plan for a lesson.

A

teaching strategy

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16
Q

In teaching strategy, it includes the _____,_____, and ______ needed to achieve those goals

A

lesson’s structure, objectives, and the tactics

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17
Q

More than just delivering content, strategy focuses on meeting _____.

A

educational objectives

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18
Q

It is flexible and adapts to students’ age, level, needs, and abilities.

A

Strategies

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19
Q

Strategy is more ____ than a method and is ______,_____.

A

comprehensive

science-driven, focused on results.

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20
Q

What are Key Teaching Strategies:

A
  1. Brainstorming
  2. Case Studies
  3. Debates
  4. Discussion
  5. Flipped Classroom
  6. Group work
  7. Questioning
  8. Simulations
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21
Q

Encourages idea generation in groups on a specific topic.

A

Brainstorming

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22
Q

Apply concepts to real-life, complex situations to enhance critical thinking.

A

Case Studies

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23
Q

Structured argumentation to explore differing viewpoints.

A

Debates

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24
Q

Promotes active student engagement and attitude change.

A

Discussion

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25
Students learn theory at home (e.g., via videos), and apply it through active, in-class activities.
Flipped Classroom
26
Students collaborate to build teamwork and problem-solving skills.
Group Work
27
Effective questioning enhances engagement and deepens understanding.
Questioning
28
Immersive, scenario-based learning experiences controlled by the teacher.
Simulations
29
What is under b. Approach?
Teaching Approach, Method, Technique
30
It is the broadest concept, reflecting overall teaching philosophy.
Approach
31
It is a structured plan or system for delivering lessons.
Method
32
It is the teacher's specific, personal way of implementing steps in a lesson.
Technique
33
Describes how you teach (e.g., lecture, lab), your understanding of how students learn (learning theory), and how you facilitate learning (e.g., feedback, enthusiasm).
Teaching Approach
34
Types of Teaching Approaches
1. By Teacher’s Role 2. By Nature of Learning 3. By Teacher-Learner Interaction
35
By Teacher’s Role
1. Executive 2. Facilitator 3. Liberationist
36
Teacher as manager focused on achieving outcomes.
Executive
37
Values student input and prior knowledge.
Facilitator
38
Encourages critical thinking, imagination, and creativity.
Liberationist
39
By Nature of Learning
1. Discovery Learning 2. Conceptual Teaching 3. Process Writing 4. Unified Teaching
40
Students learn through exploring and problem-solving.
Discovery Learning
41
Focuses on teaching broader concepts and logical thinking over isolated facts.
Conceptual Teaching
42
Writing as a creative, ongoing process with feedback and revision.
Process Writing
43
Integrates various disciplines and emphasizes flexibility and student-teacher interaction.
Unified Teaching
44
By Teacher-Learner Interaction
1. Teacher-Centered 2. Student-Centered
45
Direct instruction where the teacher is the main authority and source of knowledge.
Teacher-Centered
46
Student-Centered:
1. Inquiry-Based Learning 2. Cooperative Learning
47
Students investigate and learn through exploration; teacher acts as facilitator.
Inquiry-Based Learning
48
Group-based learning with shared responsibilities and interaction.
Cooperative Learning
49
This is directly related to the presentation of the lesson. Which a teacher should use, depends on the nature of the subject, and the tact of the teacher.
Method of teaching
50
FOUR METHODS OF PRESENTING THE SUBJECT MATTER
1.TELLING METHOD 2. DOING METHOD 3. VISUAL METHOD 4. MENTAL METHOD
51
Lecture method, Discussion method, Storytelling method and so on.
TELLING METHOD
52
Project method, Problem solving method, Textbook method and so on.
DOING METHOD
53
Demonstration method, Supervised study method and so on.
VISUAL METHOD
54
Inductive, Deductive, Analysis, Synthesis method etc.
MENTAL METHOD
55
Domains of Learning
1. Cognitive Domain (Bloom's Taxonomy) 2. Psychomotor Domain 3. Affective Domain
56
Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation
Cognitive Domain (Bloom's Taxonomy)
57
Laboratory skills: microscopy, pipetting, specimen handling
Psychomotor Domain
58
Attitudes, values, professionalism, and empathy
Affective Domain
59
Learning Theories Applied to MLS
Behaviorism Constructivism Humanism Social Learning Cognitive Load Theory
60
Repetition of lab techniques for mastery
Behaviorism
61
Student-led case analysis and reflection
Constructivism
62
Personalized feedback and mentoring
Humanism
63
Role-modeling ethical behavior during simulations
Social Learning
64
Chunking complex lab procedures
Cognitive Load Theory
65
Learning Styles and Preferences
1. Visual 2. Auditory 3. Kinesthetic 4. Read/Write
66
Diagrams, charts, microscopy slides
Visual
67
Podcasts, lectures, group discussions
Auditory
68
Hands-on labs, clinical practice
Kinesthetic
69
Journals, textbooks, manuals
Read/Write
70
Learning Style Models
Memletic Learning Style Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Kolb’s Learning Style
71
Recognizes that each of us prefers offerent ways
Memletic Learning Style Model
72
Most people can learn, and each las is own unioue wavs of mastering new and difficult subiect matter.
Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Model
73
Depicts learning as 4 stage cycle beginning with an intermediate concrete experience during which the person makes observations and reflections. Then the person develops an abstract theory from which he or she develops ideas on how to proceed. Finally, the person actively experiments with actions to test them out.
Kolb’s Learning Style
74
Kolb then hypothesized that learners need 4 abilities to be effective:
1. Concrete Experience (CE) abilities 2. Reflective Observation (RO) abilities 3. Abstract Conceptualization (AC) abilities 4. Active Experimentation (A) abilities
75
Leaning from actual experience
Concrete Experience (CE) abilities
76
Learning by observing others
Reflective Observation (RO) abilities
77
Creating theories to explain what is seen
Abstract Conceptualization (AC) abilities
78
Using theories to solve problems.
Active Experimentation (A) abilities
79
• Are leaders • They learn best by analyzing and solving a problem as a group using their own intuition and information from other people rather than from books and lectures. • They look for new experiences; often take risks and employ hands-on methods to accomplish their goals. • They actively accomplish things, often using trial-and-error methods to solve problems • They may be impatient with other people and act on intuition and are a risk taker.
Social/Accommodator Learners
80
Are imaginative. They have an open mind to new ideas and offer multiple perspectives. They value brainstorming with a group although they often listen and observe sharing their own ideas. • They rely on concrete examples to learn, and trust their own feelings when making decisions. They excel in imagination and awareness of meaning. • They are feeling oriented and people oriented and like working in groups.
Creative/Diverger Learners
81
• Are organized, logical and precise. • They like to learn from lectures, reading, and contemplation. They find facts, ideas, and information fascinating and challenging to people and emotions. • More scientific than artistic. • Their strengths are in inductive reasoning, creating theoretical models and integrating ideas • They prefer playing with ideas to actively and applying it They are more concerned with ideas than with people.
Intellectual/Assimilator Learners
82
• Are both thinkers and doers. • They are those who learn through experimentation, seeking out new ideas, and discovering practical applications for them. • They can focus intently on selected subjects. They favor technical challenges to interpersonal matters. They are goal-oriented and make decisions easily. • They are good at decision making and problem solving and likes dealing with technical work rather than interpersonal relationships.
Practical/Converger Learners
83
Matching Learning Styles to Instructions Some studies have shown increased levels of student achievement when learners with a strong preference for a certain style were ____ with a similar teaching or testing style. Some studies have shown more student satisfaction when the teacher matches the student's learning style, but some have not.
matched
84
Meeting the Needs of Diverse Learners
1. Differentiated instruction 2. Culturally responsive pedagogy 3. Faith-sensitive education