The Royal Compendium #2 > SS 2 > Flashcards

SS 2 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What was the Ford Model T nicknamed?

A

the “Tin Lizzie”

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2
Q

What essential components did the “Tin Lizzie” or Model T lack?

A

it lacked frills, a windshield, and heaters and defrosters

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3
Q

How did the hand crank of the Ford Model T affect the driver?

A

it caused many orthopedic injuries

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4
Q

What was the only color the Model T was available in?

A

black

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5
Q

Henry Ford worked with which architect to design a new, huge factor in Highland Park?

A

Albert Kahn

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6
Q

Ford’s assembly line system was patterned on what?

A

the mass production of sewing machines and Chicago meatpackers

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7
Q

In the 20s, Ford received more press coverage than any other American except for who?

A

President Calvin Coolidge

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8
Q

To maximize efficiency in his assembly line, Ford applied the principles of what?

A

“scientific management”

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9
Q

Who popularized the idea of scientific management?

A

Frederick W. Taylor

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10
Q

With the assembly line, production spiked to how many cars?

A

300,000

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11
Q

How much did the time for producing a car decrease with the assembly line?

A

12 hours to 93 minutes

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12
Q

In 1921, Ford accounted for ____ of all cars made.

A

half

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13
Q

By 1930, cars accounted for what percent of the US’s manufactured goods?

A

10%

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14
Q

What is vertical integration?

A

gaining access to all parts of a market

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15
Q

How did Ford try to achieve greater energy independence?

A

by purchasing hydroelectric dams

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16
Q

Ford spent millions to create what town next to a massive rubber plantation in the Amazon?

A

Fordlandia

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17
Q

How much did a Ford Model T cost in 1909?

A

$825

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18
Q

How much did a Model T cost in 1914?

A

$490

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19
Q

How much did a Model T cost in 1925?

A

$290

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20
Q

In 1914, what percent of Americans owned a car?

A

1 in 13

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21
Q

By 1930, what percent of Americans owned a car?

A

80%

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22
Q

In 1920, what percent of Americans owned a car?

A

1 in 3, 33%

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23
Q

From 1920 to 1930, Detroit’s population (4th largest city at the time) grew by how much?

Study These Flashcards
A

58%, ending at around 1.6 million

24
Q

Corporations improving worker conditions, benefits, and pay is known as what?

Study These Flashcards
A

welfare capitalism

25
Ford's vision to pay workers high enough to afford their vehicles was considered what?
Fordism
26
What administration created a government social welfare system for the US?
the Roosevelt admin in the 30s
27
In 1926, how many firms and how many workers had employee representation?
436 firms and 4 million workers
28
Union membership declined from 3.5 million in 1921 to how much in 1929?
2.7 million
29
Ford set up a Sociological Department to do what?
enforce the code of conduct
30
What percent of Ford's workforce was made up of non-citizen workers in 1914?
66%
31
What did Ford force his non-citizen workers to do?
take English language classes and encourage them to gain citizenship
32
By 1927, how many miles of roads were covered in asphalt?
3 million (20%)
33
A 400% increase from 1921, how many miles did Americans drive in 1930?
206 billion miles
34
In 1923, how many people were injured and how many death from car crashes?
700k injured and 23,600 dead
35
What did a municipal judge in Muncie, Indiana call cars?
“houses of prostitution on wheels”
36
In 1920, what percent of homes had electricity?
34.7% (more than double of 1912)
37
In American homes, electricity became a necessity before what 3 things?
heating, hot running water, and indoor toilets
38
By 1929, what percent of industries were electrified?
70%
39
Historian Ruth Cowan pointed out what paradox when it came to electrified appliances?
she said that time-saving electronics actually increased the amount of work women had to do because they had time to do more work and run errands
40
GM purchased which refrigerator company?
Frigidaire
41
Why did GM purchase Frigidaire?
to give car salesman something to sell when car sales dipped during WWI
42
In 1926, GM spent 18 million dollars dedicated to what refridgerators?
"Monitor-top" fridges
43
When were Monitor tops released to the public?
1927
44
In 1929, how many Monitor top refrigerators were sold to the public?
50k
45
The prosperity of the 1920s helped give rise to consumer culture, which was shaped and sustained by...
new forms of mass advertising
46
How much money was spent in 1929 on advertising?
3 billion
47
What was the main way of advertising in the 20s?
magazines, with 220 million copies sold in 1929
48
What is planned obsolescence?
making products last less long on purpose so that people by more
49
Who started planned obsolescence?
light bulb manufacturers in 1924
50
What is planned obsolescence most associated with today?
the iPhone
51
What important thing did Ford announce in 1927?
after driving the 15 millionth Model T off the lot, they discontinued the car due to slowing sales
52
What new car followed the Model T?
the Model A
53
By 1930, Ford had what percent share of the auto market?
45%
54
For the Model A, what organization did Ford establish?
the Universal Credit Corporation
55
What did the Universal Credit Corporation allow for?
consumers to buy Fords on an installment plan
56
What company set up another financing company, parallel to Ford's Universal Credit Corporation?
General Motors, run by William C. Durant
The Royal Compendium #2
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