Steep turns

Question 1

What is a level steep turn

Answer 1

Once established, the aircraft is in balance
Maintaining a constant attitude and airspeed
Maintaining an AoB at or in excess of 45* (up to 60*)

Question 2

What are the forces acting on the aircraft during a 60* AoB turn

Answer 2

Vertical component of lift and weight
Centripetal component of lift and centrifugal reaction
Apparent weight and lift

Question 3

Load factor in 0, 30 and 60*

Answer 3

0* = 1G
30* = 1.15G
60* = 2G

Question 4

Equation for calculating new stall speed

Answer 4

Vsn = Vso x √ load factor
Vsn = new stall speed
Vso = old stall speed

Question 5

During a steep level turn (60* AoB) what changes (6)

Answer 5

Lift must increase
Drag increases
Speed will reduce
Power must increase
Load factor increases
Stall speed increase

Question 6

What are the over-banking tendencies in a steep turn

Answer 6

During a steep turn there is less horizontal distance between the wingtips, reducing the over-banking tendency.

Question 7

Entering a steep level turn

Answer 7

Lookout - clear the turn
Reference - point, heading, altitude
BBB
Through 30* AoB increase power to full

Question 8

Maintaining a steep level turn

Answer 8

APAL
Attitude - pitch attitude, 45-60 roll attitude
Performance - attitude indicator, altitude, airspeed, balance ball, directional gyro
Attitude - pitch attitude, 45-60 roll attitude
Lookout - look over the nose and into the turn

Question 9

Exiting the turn

Answer 9

Anticipation = 1/3 the AoB
(60* AoB = 20* prior)
BBB
Reduce power back to cruise RPM when passing through 30* AoB

Question 10

Symptoms of a spiral descent

Answer 10

Low nose attitude
Increasing airspeed
Increasing RPM
High ROD on VSI

Question 11

Recovery of spiral descent

Answer 11

Close the throttle
Find the horizon
Roll wings level
Ease out of dive with elevator

Question 12

Entering a descending steep turn

Answer 12

Power idle
Increase back pressure and fly level until 70kts is achieved
Maintain altitude and trim
Introduce a 45* roll attitude while keeping pitch attitude constant
BBB
APAL

Question 13

Exiting a descending steep turn

Answer 13

Anticipation 1/3 AoB
(45* = 15* prior)
BBB
Reintroduce power to cruise RPM through 30* AoB returning to S&L flight